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Year 9 Chemistry > Keywords > Flashcards

Keywords Flashcards

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0
Q

State of matter

A

Solid, liquid, gas. (plasma)

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1
Q

Diffusion

A

Movement of particles from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration.

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2
Q

Particle theory

A

A theory that describes the arrangements and movement of particles in solids, liquids and gases.

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3
Q

Atom

A

Smallest particle of matter.

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4
Q

Compound.

A

A substance made of multiple elements.

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5
Q

Group

A

A vertical column on the periodic table.

Elements in the same group have similar properties.

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6
Q

Period

A

Horizontal rows on periodic table.

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7
Q

Property

A

Characteristics of the substance.

E.g appearance, conductor, malleable.

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8
Q

Element

A

A substance that is made up of only one type of atom.

E.g carbon, H2 gas, iron.

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8
Q

Compound #2

A

Contains more than 1 type of atom chemically joined together in a fixed ratio. The properties of a compound are different to the properties of an element.
E.g NaCl

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9
Q

Mixture

A

Contains a mixture of elements and/or compounds in any ratio. The properties of the separate elements are retained
E.g salt water, air

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10
Q

Thermal decomposition.

A

When a substance is broken down into simpler substances using heat.

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11
Q

Limewater

A

The test for carbon dioxide. Bubble the gas (CO2) through it & it will turn cloudy.

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12
Q

Electrolysis.

A

The decomposition of a compound into simpler substances by electricity.

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13
Q

Anode

A

The positive electrode

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14
Q

Cathode

A

The negative electrode

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15
Q

Electrolyte

A

The solution containing ions to be electrolysed

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16
Q

Ions

A

A charged particle

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17
Q

What is a proton.

A

A protons is a positively charged particle in the nucleus with a mass of “1”

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18
Q

What is a neutron.

A

A particle found in the nucleus of the atom with a mass of “1” and no charge.

19
Q

What is an electron.

A

Very small negatively charged particles found in the nucleus in a shell.

20
Q

What is a nucleus.

A

The centre of the atom that contains protons and neutrons.

21
Q

Electronic arrangement

A

The electrons are arranged I’m shells or energy levels. They can hold 2 or 8 electrons.

22
Q

Atomic mass

A

The number of protons and the numbers of neutrons in the nucleus.

23
Q

Atomic number

A

The number of protons (same as number of electrons)

24
Q

Isotope

A

An element with the same number of protons BUT a different number of neutrons (therefore a different atomic mass

25
Q

Combustion

A

Combustion occurs when a substance reacts with oxygen releasing energy mainly in the form of heat and light.

Combustion is an oxidation reaction. The substance burnt gains oxygen and gets heavier.

26
Q

Corrosion

A

The formation of a compound on the surface of a metal.

27
Q

Rusting

A

Corrosion of iron or steel.

28
Q

Rust

A

Hydrated iron oxide.

29
Q

Sacrificial protection

A

When a metal more reactive than iron is bolted onto steel structures and corrodes instead of the steel.

30
Q

Galvanising

A

Protecting the iron by dipping it into molten zinc.

31
Q

Oxidation

A

When a substance gains oxygen e.g iron going rusty

32
Q

Reduction

A

When a substance loses oxygen.

33
Q

Neutralisation

A

The reaction of an acid with a base or alkali or carbonate.

34
Q

Acid

A

Substance (solution) which has a pH below 7.

E.g nitric acid

35
Q

Base

A

Substance or solution that will neutralise an acid and has a pH above 7. E.g copper oxide (base), potassium hydroxide.

36
Q

Alkali

A

Soluble base- it is a base that dissolves in water.

E.g sodium hydroxide.

37
Q

Salt

A

A neutral substance containing a metal and non-metal part.

E.g sodium chloride.

38
Q

Acid + Alkali –>

A

Salt + Water

39
Q

Acid + Base –>

A

Salt + Water

40
Q

Acid + Metal –>

A

Salt + Hydrogen

41
Q

Acid + Carbonate –>

A

Salt + Water + Carbon Dioxide

42
Q

Hydrochloride acid (formula)

A

HCL

43
Q

Sulphuric acid

A

H2SO4

44
Q

Nitric acid

A

HNO3

45
Q

What is one way of making an acid more acidic?

A

Doubling the amount of Hydrogen.

46
Q

Name a metal which would not react with an acid to produce hydrogen.

A

Copper

Year 9 Chemistry (1 decks)

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