Keywords Flashcards
Cryptogam
a plant that has no true flowers or seeds, including ferns, mosses, liverworts, lichens, algae, and fungi.
Phanerogam
a flowering plant or seed plant
Axis
The main stem or central part about which organs or plant parts such as branches are arranged.
Rhizome
a continuously growing horizontal underground stem which puts out lateral shoots & adventitious roots at intervals.
Bract
a modified leaf or scale, typically small
Prophyll
a plant structure resembling a leaf
Stele
The central core of the stem & root of a vascular plant, consisting of the vascular tissue (xylem and phloem) and associated supporting tissue.
Protostele
A stele that forms a solid core of xylem encased by phloem.
Siphonostele
A type of stele in which the vascular cylinder surrounds a pith & possesses leaf gaps.
Cortex
1) The outermost layer of the stem or root of a plant, bounded on the outside by the epidermis and on the inside by the endodermis.
2) Tissue of unspecialized cells lying between the epidermis, & the vascular tissues of stems and roots.
Endodermis
An inner layer of cells in the cortex of a root and of some stems, surrounding a vascular bundle.
Parenchyma tissue
1) Ground tissue or fundamental tissue.
2 )Composed of thin-walled living cells that are unspecialized in structure, and therefore adaptable, with differentiation, to various functions.
3) May be compact or have extensive spaces between the cells.
4) Found chiefly in the softer parts of leaves, pulp of fruits, bark and pith of stems, etc.
Sclerenchyma
Supporting or protective tissue composed of thickened, dry, and hardened cells.
Chlorenchyma
parenchyma whose cells contain chloroplasts
Stoma (pl. stomata)
A tiny pore in a plant leaf surrounded by a pair of guard cells that regulate its opening and closure, and serves as the site for gas exchange.
