Keywords

Question 1

Employee engagement

Answer 1

The extent to which employees are committed to their work, motivated to contribute to organisational success, and feel a sense of fulfilment and connection to their job and workplace.

Question 2

Talent development

Answer 2

The strategic process of identifying, attracting, developing and retaining skilled employees to meet current and future organisational needs.

Question 3

Training

Answer 3

The process of providing employees with specific knowledge, skills and competencies to improve performance and productivity in their current roles.

Question 4

Diversity

Answer 4

The presence of a variety of backgrounds, perspectives and characteristics within a workforce including differences in race, gender, ethnicity, age and sexual orientation.

Question 5

Hard human resource management

Answer 5

A management approach that treats employees as just another resource for the achievement of business goals.

Question 6

Soft human resource management

Answer 6

A management approach that aims to empower employees and support them to achieve their potential.

Question 7

Labour turnover

Answer 7

The rate at which employees leave and are replaced within an organisation over a specific period, often expressed as a percentage of the total workforce.

Question 8

Functional structure

Answer 8

An organisational design where employees are grouped based on their specialised functions, such as marketing, finance or operations.

Question 9

Product-based structure

Answer 9

An organisational design where employees are grouped according to the products or services they work on.

Question 10

Regional structure

Answer 10

An organisational design where employees are organised based on geographic regions, accommodating differences in local markets, regulations or customer needs.

Question 11

Matrix structure

Answer 11

An organisational design that combines elements of both functional and product structures, allowing employees to report to multiple managers and work on cross functional teams.

Question 12

Authority

Answer 12

The power or right to give orders and make decisions.

Question 13

Span

Answer 13

The number of subordinates or employees directly reporting to a manager.

Question 14

Hierarchy

Answer 14

A system of ranking and organising individuals or groups within a business based on authority, responsibility and status.

Question 15

Delegation

Answer 15

The process of assigning authority to subordinates to carry out specific tasks or decisions, while retaining overall accountability.

Question 16

Centralisation

Answer 16

The concentration of decision making authority at the top levels of an organisation.

Question 17

Decentralisation

Answer 17

The distribution of decision making authority to lower levels of an organisation, allowing greater autonomy.

Question 18

Human resource plan

Answer 18

A strategic document that outlines workforce needs, goals and strategies for recruitment, development and retention of employees.

Question 19

Recruitment

Answer 19

The process of attracting, sourcing and selecting qualified candidates to fill job vacancies within a business.

Question 20

Redeployment

Answer 20

The transfer of employees from one role or department to another within the same business, often to meet changing business needs or utilise existing skills.

Question 21

Redundancy

Answer 21

The termination of employment due to the elimination of a job role or position that is no longer necessary or viable within an organisation.

Question 22

Piece rate

Answer 22

A compensation system where employees are paid based on the number of units or pieces they produce or complete.

Question 23

Commission

Answer 23

A form of compensation tied to sales or performance, usually calculated as a percentage of sales revenue generated.

Question 24

Salary

Answer 24

A fixed, regular payment paid to an employee on a monthly or annual basis, regardless of the hours worked or output produced.

Question 25

Performance-related pay

Answer 25

A compensation system that links an employee’s pay to their individual or team performance typically based on predetermined goals or metrics.

Question 26

Empowerment

Answer 26

The delegation of authority and decision making power to employees.

Question 27

Flexible working

Answer 27

A work arrangement that allows employees to vary their working hours, location or patterns to accommodate personal needs or achieve a better work life balance.

Question 28

Job enrichment

Answer 28

A job design approach that involves increasing the depth of tasks and responsibilities within a role to provide employees with greater autonomy, challenge and opportunities for growth.

Question 29

Job rotation

Answer 29

A human resource development strategy that involves periodically moving employees between different roles or departments within a business to broaden their skills and experiences.

Question 30

Trade union

Answer 30

An organised group of workers formed to protect and promote their interests, often involved in negotiations with employers regarding wages, benefits and working conditions.

Question 31

Works council

Answer 31

A representative body of employees within a business, typically elected or appointed to represent employee interests and facilitate communication with management.