Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Chemistry OCR Vocab > Key words/formulas and their points > Flashcards

Key words/formulas and their points Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Chemistry flashcards Periodic Table flashcards Chemistry 101 flashcards Organic Chemistry 101 flashcards
1
Q

Acid

A

A species that is a proton donor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Activation energy

A

The minimum energy required to start a reaction by breaking bonds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Addition reaction

A

A reaction in which a reactant is added to an unsaturated molecule to make a saturated molecule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Alkali

A

A type of base that dissolves in water forming hydroxide ions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Alkanes

A

CnH2n+2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Anion

A

Negative ion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Atom economy

A

atom economy = molecular mass of the desired product / sum of molecular masses of all products x100

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Orbital

A

A region within an atom that can hold up to two electrons with opposite spins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Average bond enthalpy

A

The average enthalpy change that takes place when breaking by homolytic fission 1 mol of a given type of bond in the molecules of a gaseous specie

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Atomic number

A

Protons in nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Avogadros constant

A

Number of atoms per mole of a carbon - 12 isotope (6.02x1023)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Base

A

Proton acceptor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Catalyst

A

A substance that increases rate of a chemical reaction without being used up

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Cation

A

Positively charged ion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Cis isomerism

A

H atoms on same side

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Trans isomerism

A

H atoms in different sides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Covalent bond

A

Shared pair of electrons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Curley arrow

A

Show the movement of a pair of electrons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Diative covalent bond

A

Shared pair of electrons provided by one bonding atom only

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Displacement reaction

A

Where a more reactive element replaces a less reactive element from an aqueous solution of latter’s ions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Dynamic equilibrium

A
  • closed system

- forward reaction rate is equal to reverse reaction rate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Electronegativity

A

A measure of attraction of a bonded atom for a pair of electrons in a covalent bond

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Sheilding

A

Repulsion of electrons from different inner shells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Electrophile

A

An atom that us attracted to an electron rich centre or atom where it accepts a pair of electrons to form a new covalent bond

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Elimination reaction

A

Removal of a molecule from a saturated molecule to make an unsaturated molecule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Empirical formula

A

Simplest whole-number ratio of atoms of each element present in a compound

27
Q

Endothermic

A

Enthalpy of products is greater than enthalpy of reactants resulting in heat being taken in from surroundings

28
Q

Standard enthalpy change of combustion

A

The enthalpy change that takes place when one mole of a substance reacts completely with oxygen under standard conditions, all reactants and products being in their standard states.

29
Q

Standard enthalpy change formation

A

The enthalpy change that takes place when one mole of a compound is formed from its constituent elements in their standard states under standard conditions.

30
Q

Standard enthalpy change of reaction

A

The enthalpy change that accompanies a reaction in the molar quantities expressed in a chemical equation under standard conditions, all reactants and products being in their standard states.

31
Q

Esterfication

A

Alcohol + carboxylic acid > ester + water

32
Q

Exothermic

A

Enthalpy of the products is smaller than the enthalpy of the reactants resulting in heat loss to surroundings

33
Q

Greenhouse effect

A

The process in which the absorption and subsequent emission of IR by atmospheric gasses warms the lower atmos and planets surface

34
Q

Group

A
  • Vertical column
  • similar chemical properties
  • same number of outer electrons
35
Q

Hess’s Law

A

If a reaction can take place by more than one route and the initial and final conditions are the same, the total enthalpy change is the same for each route.

36
Q

Heterolyric fission

A

The breaking of a covalent bond with both of the bonded electrons going to one of the atoms, forming a cation (+ ion) and an anion (– ion).

37
Q

Homolytic fission

A

The breaking of a covalent bond with one of the bonded electrons going to each atom, forming two radicals.

38
Q

Homologous series

A

A series of organic compounds with the same functional group, but with each successive member differing by CH2.

39
Q

Ionic bond

A

An electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions

40
Q

First ionisation energy

A

The energy required to remove one electron from each atom in one mole of gaseous atoms to form a gaseous 1+ ion

41
Q

le Chatelier’s Principle

A

When a system in dynamic equilibrium is subjected to a change, the position of equilibrium will shift to minimise the change.

42
Q

Mass number

A

Protons and neutrons in the nucleus

43
Q

Metallic bonding

A

Electrostatic attraction between positive metal ions and delocalised electrons

44
Q

Mole

A

Amount of any substance containing as many particles as there are carbon atoms in exactly 12g of the carbon 12 isotope

45
Q

Nucleophile

A

An atom (or group of atoms) that is attracted to an electron- deficient centre or atom, where it donates a pair of electrons to form a new covalent bond.

46
Q

Nuclophilic substitution

A

A type of substitution reaction in which a nucleophile is attracted to an electron-deficient centre or atom, where it donates a pair of electrons to form a new covalent bond.

47
Q

Percentage yield

A

% yield = actual amount, in mol, of product/ theoretical amount, in mol, of product x100

48
Q

Period

A
  • horizontal row of elements

- trends in properties

49
Q

Periodicity

A

Regular periodic variation of elements with atomic number and position in the periodic table

50
Q

Pi-bond

A

Overlap of p orbitals

51
Q

Propagation

A

Build up of products in a chain reaction

52
Q

Radical

A

Species of an unpaired electron

53
Q

Relative atomic mass

A

The weighted mean mass of an atom of an element compared with one-twelfth of the mass of an atom of carbon-12.

54
Q

Relative formula mass

A

The weighted mean mass of a formula unit compared with one- twelfth of the mass of an atom of carbon-12.

55
Q

Relative isotopic mass

A

The mass of an atom of an isotope compared with one-twelfth of the mass of an atom of carbon-12.

56
Q

Relative molecular mass

A

The weighted mean mass of a molecule compared with one- twelfth of the mass of an atom of carbon-12

57
Q

Saturated hydrocarbon

A

Single c-c bonds

58
Q

Specific heat capacity

A

q=mc🔺t

C=4.18

59
Q

Standard conditions

A

Pressure of 100kPa
Temperature of 298K
Concentration of 1 mol dm-3

60
Q

Stereoisomers

A

Same structural formula but different arrangement of atoms in space

61
Q

Structural isomers

A

Same molecular formula but different structural arrangement of atoms

62
Q

Substitution reaction

A

An atom or group of atoms is replaced

63
Q

Termination

A

Two radicals combine to form a molecule

64
Q

Unsaturated hydrocarbon

A

C-C multiple bonds

Chemistry OCR Vocab (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions