Key Words - Coasts

Question 1

Hydraulic action

Answer 1

The power of the waves forces water into cracks in a cliff. This compresses the air in the cracks. When the wave retreats the compressed air blasts out forcing the rock apart

Question 2

Solution

Answer 2

Some rock types, e.g. limestone, are dissolved by a chemical reaction between salt and other acids in seawater

Question 3

Abrasion

Answer 3

This is caused by the waves pickng up sand and pebbles and hurling them at the cliffs with force, wearing the cliff away,

Question 4

Attrition

Answer 4

Material carried by the waves will collide together causing them to become rounder and smaller over time

Question 5

long shore drift

Answer 5

the process where waves transport eroded material along the beach and deposit it further down the coast. Draw an annotated diagram to explain this process

Question 6

destructive waves

Answer 6

They occur when wave energy is high and the wave has travelled over a long fetch. They tend to erode the coast. They have a stronger backwash than swash. They have a short wave length and are high and steep.

Question 7

constructive waves

Answer 7

low energy and have stronger swashes than backwashes. This means that any material being carried by the sea is washed up and begins to build up along the coastline. The material that is deposited by constructive waves can most often be seen by the creation of beaches.