KEY WORDS- ADHERENCE AND NON-ADHERENCE

Question 1

What is adherence?

Answer 1

• The degree to which a patients behaviour corresponds with the reccomendations of a healthcare professional.

Question 2

What is non-adherence?

Answer 2

• The degree to which a patients behaviour does NOT correspond with the reccomendations of a healthcare professional.
• Due to patients beliefs and preferences.

Question 3

Why would a patient not follow the reccomendations of a healthcare professional?

Answer 3

• Beliefs
• Preferences

Question 4

What are the 2 main types of NON-ADHERNECE?

Answer 4

1)Failure to follow treatments (not taking medications or following advice as perscribed)
2)Failure to attend appointments (missing scheduled appointments)

Both cause side effects and due to different reasons.

Question 5

Failure to follow treatments can be broken down into 3 different types. What are they?

Answer 5

1. Primary non-adherence
2. Non-persistence
3. Non-conforming

PPC=Failure to follow treatments.

Question 6

What is primary non-adherence?

Answer 6

• Occurs when the doctor prescribes medication, but it is never collected.

Failure to follow treatment (1)

Question 7

What is non-persistence?

Answer 7

• Occurs when the patient starts to take the medication but stops, without being advised by a medical professional.
• Usually unintensional and due to miscommunication, forgetfulness or barriers.

Question 8

Why may non-persistence to a treatment occur?

Answer 8

• Usually unintentional
• Due to miscommunication, forgefulness, barriers.

Question 9

What barries may occur when a patient is attempting to follow treatments?

Answer 9

• Cost
• Access

Question 10

What is non-conforming?

Answer 10

• When the medication is not taken as prescribed.
• Including missing doses, incorrect times or incorrect doses.

Question 11

What did Taylor (1990) suggest?

Answer 11

• 93% of patients fail to adhere to SOME aspect of their TREATMENT.

Question 12

• 93% of patients fail to adhere to SOME aspect of their TREATMENT.

Answer 12

Taylor (1990)

Question 13

Explain some problems that can be caused by failure to attend appointments?

Answer 13

1. Time lost: Leads to wasted time and resouces/delays in care for other patients/ financial losses..
2. Impact on research: Researchers cannot move foward in their research if treatment courses are incomplete.

Question 14

What are some problems caused by failing to follow treatment?

Answer 14

1. Illness progression
2. Reduced functional abilities
3. Increased use of medical resources
4. Reduced quality of life

Question 15

Explain some problems caused by failing to follow treatment?

Answer 15

1. Illness progression: Progression may require more invasive, stronger treatments.
2. Reduced functional abilities: Progression can affect patients functional abilities.
3. Increased use of medical resources: Progression may require hospitlisation, invasive, stronger treatments.
4. Reduced quality of life: Progression leads to worsening systems

Question 16

What is rational adherence?

Answer 16

• When patient’s do not adhere to medical recommendations after making rational judgements.
• e.g find that they are more costs/risks than benefits of the treatment.