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Physics Magnetism > Key Words > Flashcards

Key Words Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a magnetic field?

A

An area in which a magnetic force acts.

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2
Q

What are soft magnetic materials?

A

Soft magnetic materials are easily magnetised but lose their magnetism easily.
E.g Iron

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3
Q

What are soft magnetic materials used for?

A

They are used as cores in electromagnets.

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4
Q

What is a hard magnetic material?( give an example of a hard material)

A

They are magnetic materials that are hard to magnetise but retain there magnetism.
(E.g Steel)

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5
Q

What are hard magnetic materials used for?

A

They are used to make permanent magnets.

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6
Q

How would you make a magnet?

A

Leave a magnetic material in a magnetic field,
OR
Stroke the magnet in the same direction with one pole of another magnet. ( either only north or only south).

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7
Q

How would you break (demagnetise) a magnet?

A

It can be demagnetised by placing it in an opposite magnetic field, by heating it and by beating it (with a hammer).

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8
Q

Magnetism is a non contact force,

What does this mean?

A

The magnet does not need to touch another magnet of magnetic material to exert a force on it.

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9
Q

How can you distinguish a non magnetised magnetic material from a magnet?

A

A magnet can only attract a no magnetised magnetic material but it can can attract or REPEL another magnet.

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10
Q

Do North and North attract or REPEL?

A

Repel

Like poles repel
Opposites attract

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11
Q

What do the two Poles South and North do?

A

Attract
Like repel
Opposite attract

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12
Q

How are magnetic field lines represented?

A

With arrows!

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13
Q

Magnetic field line arrows point from to .

A

North to South.

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14
Q

How would you see the strength of the magnetic field lines?

A

The closer the lines are together, the stronger.

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15
Q

Where are the field lines the strongest on a magnet?

A

At the poles.

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16
Q

What are domains?

A

It is the smallest known permanent magnet.

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17
Q

How are the domains in a unmagnetised material?

A

The domains are randomly orientated and cancel out.

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18
Q

How are the domains in the presence of a magnetic field?

A

They are lined up (all arrows face in the same direction) so add up and make a magnet.

19
Q

Why does earth have a magnetic field?

A

Due to the fact that the core is made of rotating molten iron!

20
Q

How would he field look around a straight electrical current?

A

It would have a circular field around it.

21
Q

True or False :

A wire that carries current has a magnetic field around it.

A

TRUE!!!

Just like magnets, current carrying wires have magnetic field lines.

22
Q

How would the direction of the field be determined?

A

Using the right hand grip rule.

23
Q

Current flows from to .

A

Positive to negative!

24
Q

What happens if you break a magnet?

A

It produces two magnets.

25
Q

Name the three magnetic materials?

A

Nickel, Iron , Cobalt

N.I.C - tip to remember

26
Q

What is a Ferromagnet?

A

A magnet made out of iron or steel.

27
Q

What experiment can you do to see magnetic fields?

A

Use iron filings or plotting compases

28
Q

In a electrical loop, how would to field lines look like?

A

The field lines would go straight through the the middle.

Straight - circular lines
Loop - straight lines

29
Q

What is an electromagnet?

A

A solenoid wrapped around a soft magnetic core.

30
Q

What is a solenoid?

A

A coil of wire.

31
Q

How would having a soft magnetic core make the electromagnet stronger?

A

The core concentrates the field lines.

32
Q

How would you make an electromagnet stronger?

Hint ( 3 c’s)

A
  • add soft magnetic core
  • Increase the current
  • Add more coil
33
Q

Where would you use el ctromagnets?

A

In scrap yards to move heavy objects.

In safes and security doors

34
Q

What are the advantages of an electromagnet?

A

It can be turned on and of and you can change it’s power.

35
Q

What is a magnet

A

A magnetic material which has a magnetic field around it

36
Q

What do electromagnets need to magnetise?

A

Electric current.

37
Q

What are the two types of magnet?

Not including electromagnets and ferromagnet

A

Temporary and Permanent magnets.

38
Q

What are temporary magnets made of?

A

Soft metals. E.g iron

39
Q

What are temporary magnets?

A

Magnets that are only magnetic when they are exposed to strong magnetic fields. When they are in strong magnetic fields they take on magnetic properties.

40
Q

What is permanent magnetism?

A

Magnets that hold magnetic properties for a very long period.

41
Q

How do electric bell?

A

Current goes from the battery to the switch, when the switch is open the electromagnet is magnetised. The armature is attracted by the magnet and hammer strikes the bell. The circuit is not complete so amature springs back because the electromagnet is demagnetised.

42
Q

What will a magnet which is free to move always point at?

A

The North Pole

43
Q

What could you use an electromagnet for?

A

Electric bell, a relay switch, Maglev train

Physics Magnetism (1 decks)

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