Key Words

Question 1

What uses oxygen to release lots of energy from glucose in mitochondria?

Answer 1

Aerobic respiration

Question 2

What is an alternative form of a gene?

Answer 2

Allele

Question 3

A small molecule used to make protein

Answer 3

Amino acid

Question 4

Enzyme that catalyses breakdown of starch into glucose, in the mouth and small intestine?

Answer 4

Amylase

Question 5

Incomplete breakdown of glucose without oxygen to produce a small amount of energy very quickly?

Answer 5

Anaerobic respiration

Question 6

Greenish fluid produced by the liver that emulsifies fats

Answer 6

Bile

Question 7

A substance that increases the rate of reaction without being changed itself

Answer 7

Catalyst

Question 8

the smallest structural and functional unit of an organism, which is typically microscopic and consists of cytoplasm and a nucleus enclosed in a membrane.

Answer 8

Cell

Question 9

What is the green pigment found in chloroplasts that absorb light energy?

Answer 9

Chlorophyll

Question 10

A structure found in plant cells and algae which contains chlorophyll

Answer 10

Chlorophyll

Question 11

A gel-like substance in a cell where most of the chemical reactions take place?

Answer 11

Cytoplasm

Question 12

When the active site of an enzyme is changed and no longer binds to a subtrate. This occurs by temperature or pH.

Answer 12

Denatured

Question 13

The process by which cells become specialised for a particular job.

Answer 13

Differentiation

Question 14

Movement of particles from a high concentration to a low one.

Answer 14

Diffusion

Question 15

The molecule in cells that stores genetic information

Answer 15

DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)

Question 16

The conditions surrounding an organism

Answer 16

Environment

Question 17

A protein that acts as a biological catalyst?

Answer 17

Enzyme

Question 18

The fusion of male and female gametes during sexual reproduction.

Answer 18

Fertilisation

Question 19

Sex cell formed by meiosis.

Answer 19

Gamete

Question 20

A measure of the light energy used photosynthesis.

Answer 20

Light intensity

Question 21

A factor that affects the rate of photosynthesis e.g concentration of CO2, light intensity and temperature.

Answer 21

Limiting factor

Question 22

Digestive Enzyme that catalyses the breakdown of lipids into fatty acids and glycerol in the small intestine

Answer 22

Lipase

Question 23

Calculated by adding the total number of data and dividing by the number of samples

Answer 23

Mean

Question 24

The middle value in a list of data

Answer 24

Median

Question 25

Cell division that forms gametes. The haploid cells do not have any pairs of chromosomes.

Answer 25

Meiosis ME. Forms ME.

Question 26

Chemical essential to healthy plant growth e.g nitrate needed to make amino acids

Answer 26

Mineral

Question 27

Organelle found in the cytoplasm where respiration occurs

Answer 27

Mitochondrion

Question 28

A type of cell division where body cells divide once to produce two genetically identical cells. Important for growth and repair.

Answer 28

Mitosis

Question 29

The most common value in a set of data

Answer 29

Mode

Question 30

A collection of tissues that work together to carry out a particular function

Answer 30

Organ

Question 31

Chemical reaction where water and carbon dioxide react to make glucose and oxygen.

Answer 31

Photosynthesis

Question 32

Enzyme that breaks down proteins into amino acids

Answer 32

Protease

Question 33

A chain of amino acids that had specific 3D structure

Answer 33

Protein

Question 34

Apparatus used to sample organisms in a habitat

Answer 34

Quadrat

Question 35

Sampling where no bias is shown

Answer 35

Random sampling

Question 36

The maximum and minimum values of a set of data

Answer 36

Range

Question 37

A structure in a cell where protein is made

Answer 37

Ribosomes

Question 38

Where organisms reproduce by mitosis to produce genetically identical offspring

Answer 38

Asexual reproduction

Question 39

A detergent(washing powder) that contains enzymes to help break down stains.

Answer 39

Biological detergent.

Question 40

A type of enzyme that breaks down starch into sugars.

Answer 40

Carbohydrase

Question 41

A person who carries the allele for a genetic disorder, but who doesn't have any symptoms of the disorder.

Answer 41

Carrier

Question 42

A membrane surrounding a cell,which holds it all together and controls what goes in or not.

Answer 42

Cell membrane

Question 43

A structure surrounding some cell types,which gives strength and support. In plant and algal Belles the cell wall is made of cellulose.

Answer 43

Cell wall

Question 44

A molecule used to make strong cells walls in plant and algae.

Answer 44

Cellulose.

Question 45

A long molecule of DNA found in the nucleus.

Answer 45

Chromosome.

Question 46

A genetic disorder of the cell membranes caused by a recessive allele

Answer 46

Cystic fibrosis

Question 47

The breakdown of dead organisms

Answer 47

Decay

Question 48

The allele for the characteristic that's shown by an organism if two different alleles are present for that characteristic.

Answer 48

Dominant allele

Question 49

Where organisms are found in a particular area

Answer 49

Distribution

Question 50

Genetic analysis of a cell taken from an embryo before it's implanted into the uterus during IVF, in order to check that the embryo doesn't carry any genetic disorders.

Answer 50

Embryonic screening

Question 51

A stem cell found in the early human embryo

Answer 51

Embryonic stem cell

Question 52

A type of plant tissue that covers the whole of a plant

Answer 52

Epidermal tissue

Question 53

A type of animal tissue which covers some parts of the body. e.g the inside of the stomach

Answer 53

Epithelial tissue

Question 54

The gradual change in a species over time

Answer 54

Evolution

Question 55

The process by which a species dies out

Answer 55

Extinction

Question 56

The remains of an organism from many years ago, which is found in rock.

Answer 56

Fossil

Question 57

The history of life on Earth, preserved as fossils

Answer 57

Fossil record

Question 58

A short section of DNA, which contains the instructions needed to make a protein

Answer 58

Gene

Question 59

An inherited disorder that can be caused by abnormal gene or chromosome

Answer 59

Genetic disorder

Question 60

Which alleles you have e.g. Tt

Answer 60

Genotype

Question 61

A type of animal tissue which makes and secretes substances like enzymes hormones

Answer 61

Glandular tissue

Question 62

A molecule that acts as a store of glucose and liver and muscle cells

Answer 62

Glycogen

Question 63

The place where an organism lives

Answer 63

Habitat

Question 64

Where an organism has to alleles for a particular gene that are the same

Answer 64

Homozygous

Question 65

Where an organism has to alleles for a particular gene that are the different

Answer 65

Heterozygous

Question 66

The product of anaerobic respiration that builds up in muscle cells and can cause muscle fatigue

Answer 66

Lactic acid

Question 67

Organ in the mammalian digestive system where water from undigested food is absorbed, producing faeces

Answer 67

Large intestine

Question 68

A organ in the mammalian digestive system which produces bile

Answer 68

Liver

Question 69

A type of plant tissue which is where photosynthesis occurs

Answer 69

Mesophyll tissue

Question 70

When You close two parents to look at the inheritance of just one characteristic controlled by a single gene

Answer 70

Monohybrid cross

Question 71

An organism made up of more than one cell

Answer 71

Multicellular organism

Question 72

Where muscles become tired and can't contract efficiently

Answer 72

Muscle fatigue

Question 73

A type of animal tissue which contracts (shortens) to move whatever it's attached to

Answer 73

Muscular tissue

Question 74

A group of organs working together to perform a particular function

Answer 74

Organ system

Question 75

The extra oxygen that needs repaying after Anaerobic respiration in order to oxidise the lactic acid which is built up in the muscle cells

Answer 75

Oxygen debt

Question 76

An organ and gland in the mammal digestive system which produces digestive juices

Answer 76

Pancreas

Question 77

Structure and plant cells that contain cells sap

Answer 77

Permanent vacuole (plant cells)

Question 78

Characteristics you have. example: blue eyes

Answer 78

Phenotype

Question 79

A type of plant tissue which transport sucrose around the plants

Answer 79

Phloem

Question 80

A genetic disorder caused by a dominant allele where a sufferer has extra fingers or toes

Answer 80

Polydactyly

Question 81

A type of genetic diagram

Answer 81

Punnet square

Question 82

An allele whose characteristic only appears in an organism if there are two copies present

Answer 82

Recessive allele

Question 83

An organ (and gland) in the mammal digestive system which produces digestive juices

Answer 83

Salivary gland

Question 84

One of the 23rd pair of chromosomes - together they determine whether an individual is male or female

Answer 84

Sex chromosomes | X or Y

Question 85

An organ the mammalian digestive system where food is digested and soluble food molecules are absorbed

Answer 85

Small intestine

Question 86

A cell which performs a specific function

Answer 86

Specialised cell

Question 87

The development of a new species

Answer 87

Speciation

Question 88

A group of similar organisms that can reproduce to give fertile offspring

Answer 88

Species

Question 89

An insoluble molecule used as a store of glucose in plants and algae

Answer 89

Starch

Question 90

An undifferentiated cell which has the ability to become one of many different types of cell

Answer 90

Stem cell

Question 91

An organ the mammalian digestive system where food is digested.

Answer 91

Stomach.

Question 92

A group of similar cells that work together to carry out a particular function. It can include more than one type of cell.

Answer 92

Tissue.

Question 93

A line that can used to study the distribution of organisms across an area.

Answer 93

Transect

Question 94

A type of plant tissue which transports water and mineral irons around the plant

Answer 94

Xylem

Question 95

Type of single celled microorganism.

Answer 95

Yeast

Question 96

What is it called when a subtrate binds to an enzyme?

Answer 96

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