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Key Words Flashcards

1
Q

Torah

A

The five Books of Moses and the first section of the tenakh

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2
Q

Ten Commandments

A

A list of religious and moral rules that were authorised by God and given to Moses

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3
Q

Mishpatim

A

Judgement, laws for which reason is clear

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4
Q

Chukim

A

Statues- laws for which no reason is given

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5
Q

Sanctity of life

A

The belief that life is sacred and belongs to God

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6
Q

Purpose of life

A

Why a person is alive- what they have to do in their life. The goal of life and the reason for living

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7
Q

Quality of life

A

How much a person gets out of their life, a combination of physical and mental factors

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8
Q

Abortion

A

The deliberate termination (ending) of a pregnancy, usually before the foetus is 24 weeks old

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9
Q

Euthanasia

A

Inducing a painless death, by agreement and with compassion, to ease suffering. From the Greek, meaning ‘good death’

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10
Q

Compassion

A

A feeling of pity or sympathy that can lead to caring or help

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11
Q

Self-determination

A

A person’s right to choose what happens to them

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12
Q

Contraception

A

The artificial and chemical methods used to prevent pregnancy taking place

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13
Q

Fertility treatment

A

Medical procedure that provides help to enable a woman to conceive a child

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14
Q

Artificial insemination

A

Sperm is medically inserted into the vagina to assist pregnancy

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15
Q

Artificial insemination by husband (AIH)

A

A reproductive technology in which semen is collected from the husband, and introduced into his wife in order to create a baby

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16
Q

Mitzvoth

A

The laws of Judaism

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17
Q

Artificial insemination by donor (AID)

A

A reproductive technology in which semen is collected from an individual, not the husband, and introduced into the female in order to create the baby

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18
Q

In vitro fertilisation (IVF)

A

A procedure in which eggs are removed from a woman’s ovaries and fertilised with sperm in a laboratory. The fertilised egg is then replaced into the woman’s uterus.

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19
Q

Embryo

A

Fertilised ovum (egg) at about 12-14 days after conception when implanted into the wall of the womb

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20
Q

Surrogacy

A

When a woman agrees to become pregnant and deliver a child for a couple

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21
Q

Bio-ethics

A

The study of ethical dilemmas brought on by the progress and use of science and medical technology

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22
Q

Genetic engineering

A

When an animal’s or human’s genes are modified or manipulated

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23
Q

Designer babies

A

Babies whose characteristics may be selected by parents to avoid inherited weaknesses or to choose desired physical features

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24
Q

Saviour siblings

A

Babies selected to provide genetic material for seriously ill relatives

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25
Immorality of the soul
The idea that the soul lives on after the death of the body
26
Resurrection
The belief that after death the body remains in the grave until the end of the world before rising again when God will come to judge
27
Judgement
God deciding about individual deeds, good and bad, and rewarding or punishing
28
Righteousness
Behaving in a just and fair way, doing what is considered I be right. 'justice with compassion' - RABBI SACKS
29
Emergency aid
Giving needy people short-term aid as a response to a crisis or disaster, eg. food in times of famine it war
30
Long-term aid
Helping needy people to help themselves by providing the tools, education and funding for projects. This type of aid is given by WJR
31
World Jewish Relief
British Jewish-run charity to relive poverty
32
Tzedaka
Doing righteous acts, giving to charity
33
Purpose of life
The goal of life and the reason for living
34
Justice
Bringing about what is right, fair, according to the law or making up for a wrong that has been committed
35
Anti-Semitism
Prejudice towards Jews
36
Nuclear war
A war in which the participants use nuclear weapons
37
Disarmament
The abolition of weapons
38
Terrorism
When groups use violence or the threat of violence to achieve their aims, rather than using a democratic process
39
Pacifism
The belief that violence and war is unnecessary and that there are other way to resolve disputes
40
Protest
An action to show disagreement with something, for example government policy
41
Stewardship
The belief that mankind has a responsibility to protect the world God created for them
42
Pollution
Harming the natural world by adding man-made toxins
43
Conservation
Protecting the natural world
44
Environmental conservation
Looking after the natural resources of the planet by taking steps to conserve them
45
Animal rights
The belief that animals have a dignity just as humans do and should be given care and protection
46
Punishment
That which is don't to people because they have broken the law
47
Forgiveness
To pardon people for something that they have done wrong. In biblical times, it is believed that only God could forgive sins.
48
Deterrence
To put people off committing crimes. One of the aims of punishment.
49
Reparation
If criminals commit and crime and are caught, their punishment should make up for the loss that the victim suffered as a result of that crime
50
Protection
To stop the criminal hurting anyone is society. An aim of punishment
51
Reformation
Punishment with the aim of changing the person's criminal behaviour and making them into a responsible citizen
52
Retribution
If people do something wrong then they should receive a punishment that is fitting for the crime that they committed. Often referred to as revenge
53
A fine
A form of punishment in which an offender pays a sum of money
54
Community service
Work which helps the community - sometimes used as a punishment for offenders
55
Death penalty
Form of punishment in which a prisoner is put to death for crimes committed
56
Marriage
A legal union between man and woman
57
Divorce
Legal ending of a marriage
58
Remarriage
Getting married again
59
Chastity
refraining from sex outside of the married relationship
60
Homosexuality
Attraction to a member of the same gender
61
Homosexual relationship
A sexual relationship with someone of the same sex
62
Mikveh
The ritual bath designed for the total immersion of people so that they might be cleansed
63
Ritual cleansing
When a person undergoes a purifying ceremony, e.g. A woman bathes in the Mikveh at the end of menstruation
64
Prescribed drugs
Drugs which are legal, obtained in written instruction of a doctor
65
Illegal drugs
Drugs whose possession is against the law
66
Yeshiva
A college where the Torah and Talmud are studied

JS ETHICS (2 decks)

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