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Chemistry Year 9 > Key Words > Flashcards

Key Words Flashcards

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0
Q

What is a group?

A

Vertical column in the periodic table. Elements in a group have similar properties

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1
Q

What is diffusion?

A

Movement of particles from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration.

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2
Q

What is a period?

A

A period is a horizontal row in the periodic table.

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3
Q

What does property mean? e.g. What’s the property of a metal?

A

the property of something is what they all have as a group. (Characteristics of a substance) E.g. Metals are shiny, conduct electricity and hard.

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4
Q

What is an element?

A

An item with only one type of atom.

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5
Q

What is a compound?

A

A substance that is made of 2 or more different types of atoms joined together.

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6
Q

What is a mixture?

A

A mixture is a mixture of elements and/or compounds in any ratio. The properties of separate elements stay with them.

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7
Q

What is Thermal Decomposition?

A

The breaking down of a substance into simpler substances using heat.
e.g copper carbonate –> copper oxide + carbon dioxide.

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8
Q

What is limewater used for?

A

Test for Carbon Dioxide, if it’s present, it goes cloudy/milky.

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9
Q

What is Electrolysis?

A

The decomposition of a compound into simpler substances using electricity.

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10
Q

What is an Anode?

A

The positive electrode

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11
Q

What is a cathode?

A

The negative electrode

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12
Q

What is an electrolyte

A

The solution containing ions to be electrolysed

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13
Q

What is an ion?

A

A charged particle e.g. H+ or Cl-

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14
Q

What is an isotope?

A

An isotope is an element with the same number of protons BUT a different number of neutrons

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15
Q

Describe electron arrangement

A

The electrons are arranged in energy levels, ‘shells’. They can hold 2 or 8 electrons per shell, it goes in the formation 2,8,8,2

16
Q

What is the Atomic mass?

A

Sum of neutrons and protons

17
Q

What is the atomic number?

A

The number of protons

18
Q

What is the nucleus?

A

The centre of the atom, it holds protons and neutrons

19
Q

What is a proton?

A

A positively charged particle in the nucleus with a mass of ‘1’.

20
Q

What is an electron?

A

A negatively charged particle found around the nucleus in shells.

21
Q

What is a neutron?

A

A particle found in the nucleus with no charge and a mass of ‘1’. Can be calculated by subtracting the atomic number from the atomic mass.

22
Q

What is combustion?

A

Combustion occurs when a substance reacts with oxygen releasing energy mainly in the form of light and heat.

  • Combustion is an oxidation reaction
  • the substance burnt gains oxygen and gets heavier
23
Q

What is Corrosion?

A

The process which a metal reacts with oxygen in the air to form a solid on a surface.

24
Q

What is rusting?

A

Corrosion of iron or steel

25
Q

What is Rust?

A

Hydrated Iron Oxide

26
Q

What is sacrificial protection?

A

Attaching a more reactive metal to iron or steel, which corrodes instead of that

27
Q

What is galvanising?

A

Protecting the iron by dipping it in molten zinc. This is known as a double protection as it’s sacrificial protection and a physical barrier.

28
Q

What is oxidation?

A

When a substance gains oxygen. e.g. Iron going rusty

29
Q

What is reduction?

A

When a substance loses oxygen

Chemistry Year 9 (1 decks)

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