Key Words Flashcards
1
Q
Baby blues
A
mood swings following birth due to hormone imbalance
2
Q
Eat well plate
A
visual image of recommended daily proportions
3
Q
RNI
A
reference nutrient intake
4
Q
Food intolerance
A
the body’s digestive system doesn’t produce enough of a particular enzyme to digest food properly
5
Q
Anaphylaxis
A
severe/life threatening allergic reaction
6
Q
Cross infection
A
passing of germs from one person to another
7
Q
Balanced diet
A
diet that provides all the body’s you need/variety of all food types
8
Q
Development
A
increasing abilities, skills and understanding
9
Q
Pincer grasp
A
use of index finger
10
Q
Colic
A
painful condition in the gut, tends to occur at the same time each month and can go on for several
11
Q
Lanugo
A
soft downy hairs covering the skin in the womb
12
Q
Episiotomy
A
cut made in the perineum to avoid a woman tearing during birth
13
Q
Caesarean section
A
delivering a baby by surgery, cut open from the lower abdomen
14
Q
Neonate
A
a new born baby ages up to 1 month
15
Q
Cognitive
A
knowledge in the widest sense, involving a range of skills and understanding concepts
16
Q
Primitive reflexes
A
automatic responses to stimuli
17
Q
Nature
A
inherited qualities
18
Q
Nurture
A
environmental qualities
19
Q
Self image
A
your identity, who you think you are
20
Q
Self esteem
A
how you feel about yourself
21
Q
Separation anxiety
A
concern shown by very young children when separated from their main carer
22
Q
Ward play worker
A
trained carer/nurse who understands the specific children while in hospital
23
Q
Conception
A
when sperm fertilises an egg
24
Q
EAR
A
estimated average requirements
25
Uterus (womb)
strong muscle that expands during pregnancy to contain the growing baby
26
Sensory development
the use of the body's 5 main senses to explore and learn
27
Menstruation
regular flow of blood from the vagina as the lining of the uterus breaks down
28
Child provision
day-care for children so that a parent can work
29
Extended family
Different generations of a family live together e.g. parents, children, grandparents, aunts, uncles, cousins
30
Nuclear family
parents and children
31
Single parent family
one parent looks after the children alone
32
Shared care family
both parents share the care and decisions about the child
33
Step/re-constituted family
adults in a new partnership bring children with them
34
Multicultural
mix of different cultures
35
Ethnic minority
group of people with common features e.g. race, religion, culture, food and language
36
Lifestyle
the way we live/what we do
37
Pre-conceptual care
preparations made by a woman before conceiving
38
Feet to foot
laying a baby to sleep with their feet at the bottom of the cot
39
Layette
Clothing and bedding needed for a new baby
40
Accident
unexpected incident that cause damage or injury
41
Risk assessment
a check for possible dangers/risks
42
Accident prevention
taking precautions to avoid accidents
43
Convulsion
violent shaking/spasm
44
Puberty
when a boy/girl matures sexually
45
Ovum
woman's egg
46
Hormone
chemical released into the blood that has a specific effect
47
Fertilisation
process of the sperm entering the ovum
48
Placenta
develops alongside baby during pregnancy, provides vital hormones and nutrients
49
Contraceptive
prevents pregnance
50
Salmonella
bacteria that causes food poisoning, found in raw eggs and chicken
51
Safe sex
having sex while both preventing pregnancy and STIs
52
Listeria
bacteria found in soft cheese and raw fish that can cause a miscarriage
53
Toxoplasmosis
infection caused by a micro-organism found in animal faeces
54
Infertility
being unable to conceive a child
55
Surrogate mother
a woman who bears a baby on behalf of another woman
56
Dominant gene
only need one for it to show
57
Recessive gene
need two for it to show
58
Genetic counselor
person who explains genetic risks to couples before they decide to have a baby
59
Informed decision
knowing all the possible outcomes of the decision you make
60
Antenatal
care given to mother and baby before birth
61
EDD
estimated delivery date
62
Ectopic pregnance
implantation occurs in fallopian tube
63
Miscarriage
sudden loss of an unborn baby
64
Threatened abortion
signs of a potential miscarriage but all is ok
65
Inevitable miscarriage
the foetus is pushed from the uterus by the woman's body
66
Missed abortion
foetus is dead in the uterus and has to be surgically removed
67
General practitioner (GP)
family doctor
68
Obstertrician
doctor specialising in the care of women during pregnancy
69
Gynaecologist
doctor specialising in problems during pregnancy
70
Peadiatrician
doctor specialising in the care of babies/children
71
Routine
straightforward and offered to everyone
72
Hyperemesis
severe vomiting during pregnancy
73
Ketosis
dangerous condition where high levels of ketones build up in a pregnant woman's urine
74
Intravenous
fluids given straight into the blood via a drip
75
Screening test
test to check for any potential problems
76
Diagnostic test
test to help identify problems
77
Birth plan
plan of how the mother wants labour to progress. can include: type of birth, who's present, pain relief, where etc.
78
Contraction
tightening of the muscles of the uterus
79
Birth canal
vagina, cervix and uterus (form one channel)
80
Crowning
baby's head appears in the vagina
81
Prineum
skin between the rectum and vagina
82
Oxytocin
hormone that stimulates contractions and reduces bleeding after birth
83
Pethidine
a drug for pain relief during labour
84
Entanox
gas and air
85
Epidural
anesthetic given via the spine, numbs from the waist down
86
Anaesthetic
stops you feeling pain
87
TENS
transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation
88
Endorphins
body's natural pain relieving chemicals
89
Confinement
time a woman gives birth
90
Syntocin
drug used to induce labour
91
Forceps
tongs that help pull the baby through the vagina
92
Ventouse
helps deliver the baby using suction
93
Root
instinctive search for the breast
94
Apgar score
measurement of vital signs in newborn babaies
95
Congenital
anything present at birth
96
Millia
tiny white spots that soon go away
97
Vernix
greasy/creamy white substance that protects the baby in the womb
98
Pre-term
baby born before 37 weeks (premature)
99
Gastation
time a baby spends developing in the womb, usually 40 weeks
100
Full term
baby born around 40 weeks
101
Small for dates
baby born full term but lighter than average
102
SIDS
sudden infant death syndrome, when a baby dies suddenly for no reason
103
Post-natal depression
new mothers severe feelings that she cant cope, even when shes coping fine
104
'five a day'
recommended number of fruit and veg to be eaten each day
105
DRV
dietary reference values
106
Deficiency
lack of something causing a negative effect
107
Anaemia
not enough red blood cells, common if diet doesn't contain enough iron
108
Use by date
date manufacturers recommended that food is eaten by
109
Best before date
last date on which a food is safe to eat
110
Food additives
natural or chemically made substances added to foods
111
Allergens
natural substances that can cause allergies
112
Kosher
food cleaned/prepared according to Jewish rule
113
Colostrums
rich creamy milk produced by the mother in the first few days after birth
114
Antibodies
defense system in the body
115
Fore milk
initial milk produced during a feed that satisfies immediate hunger
116
Hind milk
second richer milk produced during a feed which gives longer term satisfaction
117
Lactose
milk-sugar in cows milk that's not easily digested by some babies
118
Gastroenteritis
bacterial infection of the stomach which causes sickness and diarrhea
119
Mastitis
painful inflammation of the breast
120
Engorgement
the breast is overfull with milk, making it hard to suckle and painful for the mum
121
Sterilisation
method of cleaning that destroys germs
122
Cooled boiled water
water that's been boiled then left to cool, its used for formula feeds
123
Weaning
gradual introduction of solids to a baby's diet
124
Food allergy
body's immune system thinks a (usually safe) food is harmful and fights it
125
Celiac desiase
intolerance to gluten (a protein) found in wheat, rye, barley and oats
126
Halal
to kill animals according to Muslim law
127
Poor diet
diet that lacks sufficient nutrients for good health
128
Obesity
being seriously overweight and risking health problems
129
Good hygiene practice
careful hand washing before handling food and after using the toilet etc
130
Vaccination
injection of dead/weakened disease to protect against infectious illnesses
131
Immunisation programme
set of vaccinations that build up to the level of protection needed
132
Pyrexia
raised temp over 37.5 degrees
133
Dehydration
body's lost too much fluids due to vomiting, diarrhea or pyrexia etc
134
Febrile convulsion
sever reaction by some children to a high temp
135
Passive smoking
involuntary inhalation of tobacco/smoke from cigaretts
136
Growth
gradual increase in size
137
Percentile charts
charts used by health professionals to monitor a child's development
138
Milestones
stages of development
139
Growth curve
line showing how a child's measurements (height, weight) are developing
140
Developmental testing
checks made on babies/young children at specific ages to monitor progress and see they're developing as expected
141
Gender
male or female
142
Gross motor skills
skills involving majour muscles e.g. walking
143
Fine motor skills
skills involving hands, fingers and thumbs e.g. picking something up
144
Sensory development
use of the body's 5 senses to explore and learn
145
Interdependent
different things rely upon each other in order to succeed
146
Involuntary reflex actions
automatic responses, seen in babies in their earliest days/weeks
147
Head lag
inability to support the heads weight
148
Balance
moving in a controlled manner
149
Coordination
being able to plan, combine and control a sequence of movements
150
Spatial awareness
appreciation of the size/space around so it can be used accurately
151
Palmer grasp
whole hand holds things, reflex action
152
Primitive grasp
clumsy grasp of crayons etc
153
Hand-eye coordination
using vision to help control actions
154
Tripod grasp `
adult grip of a pen to control it
155
Sensory mouthing
using the mouth to explore objects
156
Object permanence
understanding that something exists even when it cant be seen
157
Language
a means of communication
158
Concept
General idea used to sort out/understand the environment e.g. colours, numbers, size etc
159
Imagination
use of thinking to visualise/plan ideas
160
Creativity
being able to express oneself in different ways
161
Egocentricity
not taking anyone else's needs/views into account
162
Conservation
Understanding that things can be the same even if they look different
163
Concentration
ability to focus for a period of time
164
Conceptualisation
organisation of thinking/understanf
165
Reasoning
understanding the cause and effect of actions
166
Memory
power to store and retrieve info in the mind
167
Problem solving
ability to think of ways to sort out a problem, puzzle or difficult situation
168
Verbal
spoken
169
Non verbal
unspoken
170
Passive vocabulary
words that are understood but not used (in speech)
171
Active vocabulary
use of speech or signs
172
Turn taking
coos and gurgles in response to words and sounds
173
Monosyllabic babbling
repetitive sounds e.g. dadadadadadada
174
Polysyllabic sounds
changes in tone and pitch e.g. memomemomemo
175
Jargon
words that aren't recognised easily by others
176
Holophrase
word that's used to describe more than one object belonging to a group
177
Echolalia
repeating the last word/sound heard
178
Telegraphic speech
short sentences that lack 'joining' words
179
Motherses
tone of voice often used by adults when talking to babies
180
Emergent writing
child's first attempts at forming letters as a means of communication
181
Socialisation
learning the behavior and cultural expectations of family and society
182
Primary socialisation
influences of family and immediate social circle on social development
183
Secondary socialisation
influences from wider community (friends, teachers) on social development
184
Discipline
setting of behavioral boundaries and expectations
185
Bonding
strong emotional tie between child and main carer, usually starts at birth
186
Emotions
feelings
187
Comfoter
thumb or other item that soothes/comforts a child
188
Solitary play
first stage, play alone
189
Parallel play
second stage, play alongside but not with another child
190
Looking on play
third stage, observe other children playing
191
Joining in play
fourth stage, play together with v.simple signs of communication
192
Cooperative play
fifth stage, children communicate and play together
193
Stereotyping
making generalisations about people rather than seeing them as an individual, pre-judging
194
Bullying
hurting/intimidating someone weaker
195
Tantrum
loss of control of emotions
196
Discipline
upholding rules of good behaviour
197
Positive rienforcement
giving praise/rewards for good bahaviour
198
Boundaries
clear limits within which the children have to stay
199
Sanction
punishment where something is taken away
200
Regressive bahaviour
displays of behavior reverting/goingbackwards
201
Play deprivation/malnourishment
children aren't given enough opportunities to play freely
202
Play based learning
learning opportunities are provided through play
203
Structured play
play that's organised by adults and has a purpose
204
Spontaneous play
child can choose how and what they do freely
205
Creative
expressing oneself in different ways
206
Exploratory (discovery) play
playing using senses
207
Special needs
term used for children who need extra help/support
208
3D
solid shape with height, length and depth
209
Small world play
children play out their understanding of the world in miniature (farms, railways)
210
Story sack
bag of toys, games and objects linked to a specific story
211
Storyboards
sequence of pictures to form a story
212
Household play
play (safely) using everyday objects from around the home
213
Technology
electronic programs that make household/everyday items and toys work
214
Programme
built in instructions to a computer/object that make it work
215
Concept skills
skills requiring thought and a range of ideas
216
Childcare provisions
places and people who care for young children between birth and starting school, can be in the home or a group setting
217
Setting (childcare)
place that provides group care e.g. nurseries, creches and pre-schools
218
Childminder
someone who takes children into their own home to look after them, they're registered and qualified
219
Nanny
someone who cares for a child in the child's home daily or lives with their family, may not be qualified
220
Au pair
someone who looks after a child in the child's home, usually whilst their learning English. are usually unqualified and inexperienced
221
Key person
member of staff in a childcare setting who has particular responsibility for an individual child
222
Child centered
the child's needs are central to what happens
223
High staff turnover
staff leave frequantly and new staff arrive
224
One to one care
a child gets individual attention from a carer
225
EYFS
early years foundation stages
226
Early years practitioner
someone who works with and teaches early years children
227
EYFS principles
4 main themes of the EYFS (unique child, positive relationship, enabling environments, learning and development)
228
Sure start
government program aimed to provide a good start in life for all children
229
Bookstart
orginisation that promotes the value of books and reading
230
Bookstart book crawl
bookstart scheme to encourage the use of libraries
231
Booktouch
bookstart pack for blind/partially blind children
232
PIES
physical, intellectual, emotional, social
233
Health visitor
qualified nurse with additional specialist health visitor training
234
Mainstream
a 'group' care setting/school for all children
235
Support
means of helping
236
SENCO
special educational needs coordinator
237
Statutory assessment
detailed, multi-professional examination and assessment of a child
238
Ofsted
office of standards in education
239
RIDDOR
reporting if injuries diseases and dangerous occurrences regulations
