Key Words

Question 1

Hazard risk

Answer 1

The probability or chance that a natural hazard may take place.

Question 2

Natural hazard

Answer 2

A natural event that threatens people or has the potential to cause damage, destruction and death.

Question 3

Conservative plate margin

Answer 3

Tectonic plate margin where two tectonic plates slide past each other.

Question 4

Constructive plate margin

Answer 4

Tectonic plate margin where rising magma adds new material to plates that are diverging or moving apart.

Question 5

Destructive plate margin

Answer 5

Tectonic plate margin where two plates are converging or coming together and oceanic plate is subducted.

Question 6

Earthquake

Answer 6

A sudden or violent movement within the Earth’s crust followed by a series of shocks.

Question 7

Immediate responses

Answer 7

The reaction of people as the disaster happens and in the immediate aftermath

Question 8

Long-term responses

Answer 8

Later reactions that occur in the weeks, months and years after the event.

Question 9

Monitoring

Answer 9

Recording physical changes to help forecast
when and where a natural hazard might strike.

Question 10

Plate margin

Answer 10

The margin between two tectonic plates.

Question 11

Planning

Answer 11

Actions taken to enable communities to respond to, and recover from, natural disasters, through measures.

Question 12

Prediction

Answer 12

Attempts to forecast when and where a natural hazard will strike, based on current
knowledge.

Question 13

Primary effects

Answer 13

The initial impact of a natural event on people and property, caused directly by it.

Question 14

Protection

Answer 14

Actions taken before a hazard strikes to reduce its impact.

Question 15

Secondary effects

Answer 15

The after-effects that occur as indirect impacts of a natural event, sometimes on a longer
timescale.

Question 16

Tectonic hazard

Answer 16

A natural hazard caused by movement of tectonic plates

Question 17

Tectonic plate

Answer 17

A rigid segment of the Earth’s crust which moves across the heavier, semi-molten rock below.Continental crust is less dense, but thicker than oceanic crust.

Question 18

Volcano

Answer 18

An opening in the Earth’s crust from which lava, ash and gases erupt.

Question 19

Tropical storm

Answer 19

An area of low pressure with winds moving in a spiral around the calm central point called the
eye of the storm. Winds are powerful and rainfall is heavy.

Question 20

Adaptation

Answer 20

Actions taken to adjust to natural events such as climate change, to reduce potential damage,limit the impacts, take advantage of opportunities, or cope with the consequences.

Question 21

Climate change

Answer 21

A long-term change in the Earth’s average temperature and weather patterns.

Question 22

Mitigation

Answer 22

Action taken to reduce or eliminate the long-term risk to human life and property from
natural hazards