key words Flashcards
birth rate
the number of births per 1000 in a population
death rate
the number of deaths per 1000 in a population
life expectancy
the average age people will live to in a country
megacity
a city with a population of 10 million or more
urbanisation
the growth in the proportion of people living in towns and cities compared to the countryside
aging population
a population with loads of people aged 65+ because of a high life expectancy and low birth rate.
migration
the movement of people from one country to another
population policy
a set of measures taken by the government to alter the way its population is changing
food insecurity
demand from the population exceeds supply
natural resources
resources that exist without actions of humankind
non-renewable energy
energy that will eventually run out one day
renewable energy
energy which can be recycled and has an infinite supply.
fossil fuels
fuels that gives us energy such as electricity that are naturally made over million years. examples include coal, oil and gas.
greenhouse gases
gases such as carbon dioxide which are given off when we burn fossil fuels - they cause global warming.
energy security
energy supply meets the demand from the population
conservation
saving or protecting something.
biome
a biome is a large area characterised by its vegetation, soil, climate and wildlife
cloud seeding
planes spray tiny salt crystals into clouds to encourage water droplets to grow larger, so that it rains
conflict
a serious disagreement or argument which can sometimes result in war
desalination
removal of salts and minerals from water
drought
an event of prolonged shortages in the water supply
population density
the amount of people per km2
the arabian peninsula
consists of the countries yemen, oman, qatar, bahrain, kuwait, saudi arabia, uae
water stress
the demand for water exceeds the supply
aid
money, goods and services given by a government or organization to help another country
brandt line
an imaginary line to show the divide between the North (rich) and the South (poor)
development
economic and social progress that leads to an improvement in quality of life
development indicator
a measure of quality of life in a country e.g GDP, literacy rate
famine
extreme scarcity of food
GDP
gross domestic product. total income of a country divided by the population
infant mortality
numbers of deaths of children under the age of 5
informal economy
a job which has no contract, is unregulated and doesn’t pay tax e.g car washer
life expectancy
the average number of years that a person can expect to live
poverty
being extremely poor
