Key Words Flashcards
Encoding
How memories are encoded which means how they are registered as memories such as by sound or smell
Retrieval
How we retrieve memories when the output is needed which means finding and accessing stored memories
Sensory register
Is where the information comes into the brain from the senses and is held for a short time
Short term memory
Stores information in auditory form. Information can stay for up to 30 seconds
Long term memory
The process in the brain that takes information from the short term memory store and creates long lasting memories
Schemas
Scripts that are built up using experiences about our everyday life and that affect the processing of information
Counter balancing
Means to minimise the order effects in repeated measure design
Demand characteristics
Cues given by the researcher about the aim of the study and therefore participants would behave accordingly
Nominal data
In the form of categories, simply putting data into sets
Interval/ratio data
Data where real measurements are involved such as time or height
Ordinal data
Ranked data, such as ratings
Observed value
The value, particularly in a chi-squared, which is gathered when doing the study
Expected value
The value in chi-squared in a box that would be expected according to the test. Th expected value is compared with the observed value to see if there is a noticeable difference
Critical value
The value worked out and displayed in tables to show what value has to be reached in a certain situation for the study’s results to be significant
Semantic
The study of meanings through the relationships of words
MTL+
Medial temporal and anterolateral temporal cortex damage
Hippocampus
plays a critical role in the formation, organization, and storage of new memories and in connecting certain sensations and emotions to these memories. It also plays an important part in the recall of emotional memories.
Anterolateral
To the front and side of the
Bilateral
Both hemispheres of the brain are involved in
Encephalitis
Inflammation of the brain causing damage to the structures of the brain
Inter-rater reliability
The degree of agreement and consistency between raters about the thing being measured
Independent group design
Different groups of participants taking part in different conditions
Repeated measures design
When the same participants take part in more than one condition
Matched pairs design
where pairs of participants are matched in terms of key variables
Laboratory experiment
An experiment carried out in a controlled environment where the extraneous variables are key constant where the IV is manipulated
Field experiment
Carried out in a natural environment (not the participants own one)
Natural experiment
Done in the participants own natural environment
Holism
Perspective that emphasises the interconnection and independence of human behaviour and the mind
Localisation
Specific structures are responsible for specific function
Type 1 error
When someone optimistically accepts the alternative/experimental hypothesis and rejects the null hypothesis
Type 2 error
When someone accepts the null hypothesis pessimistically (wrongly rejecting the alternative/experimental hypothesis)
