Key topic 3: The Reformation and it's impact 1529- 1540

Question 1

What was the book Henry wrote that led to Henry being described as ‘Defender of the Faith’

Answer 1

‘In Defence of the Seven Sacraments’ published in 1521

Question 2

What were some of the reasons for Henry’s campaign against the Catholic church in 1529-33?

Answer 2

• The pope’s failure to annul his marriage to Catherine of Aragon
• The impact of Protestant ideas
• Allegations of corruption in the Church

Question 3

Who was Elizabeth Barton?

Answer 3

Elizabeth Barton was a nun who, when seriously ill, claimed to have had a vision of the Virgin Mary who cured her.
-Many people including members of the nobility and gentry, regarded her as a holy woman possessed of miraculous powers who ought to be taken seriously.

Question 4

Who was John Fisher?

Answer 4

John Fisher became a Bishop of Rochester in 1504

• He was a famous scholar who tutor Henry when he was a young prince
• In 1535, the pope made Fisher a cardinal

Question 5

What was the significance of Thomas More’s opposition?

Answer 5

• More was one of Europe’s great intellectuals and his death outraged many in Europe, including Charles V
• More became a martyr for the Catholic cause, encouraging unrest and rebellion
• The trial and execution created an atmosphere of terror in England
• The execution deepened the split with Rome

Question 6

What year was More executed?

Answer 6

6th July 1535

Question 7

What were the range of roles and functions in Monasteries?

Answer 7

Religious - Monasteries acted as places of religious contemplation
Educational - Monks often educated young boys of the nobility and gentry
Medical - Monasteries also acted as hospitals and hospices looking after the sick and dying
Social and economic - Monasteries provided help for the poor and also provided employment for local people
Administrative - Some senior monks helped administer local justice and 30 sat in the House of Lords
Commercial - Many large monasteries were businesses controlling estates and renting out land to local farmers
Places
Places of refuge - Monasteries were safe places where people could stay when they travelled, and also acted as safe havens.