Key Topic 2 1958-70 Flashcards
Why was the Berlin ultimatum suggested
To many East Germans were leaving for west Germany for better living
What was the Berlin ultimatum
Krushchev warned the USA that they had 6 months to leave berlin
What happened at the first meeting about Berlin 1958
Held in the USA
Krushchev style firm
No formal agreement
What happened at the second meeting for Berlin 1958
Held in Paris 1960
USA plane shot down and krushchev knew the us were spying
USA lied and didn’t apologise
Krushchev left the meeting
No agreement
Leader of the USA 1963
Jfk
What happened at the third meeting about Berlin 1958
JFK and krushchev met in Vienna
JFK was not negotiating
No agreements
Krushchev went to build the wall
JFK strengthening his army
When was the Berlin Wall built
1961
Consequences of the Berlin wall
- stopped people from escaping east Germany
- sent a message to the USA
- krushchev couldn’t unite Germany
- bad light on communism
- capitalism became a symbol of hope
- USA had no control over the ussr
Cuban revolution narrative
Cuba was lead by Batista who was closely allied with the USA trading Cuba tabco and sugar
1959 Batista overthrown by Fidel Castro
He went to USA -denied- went to ussr to form relations they offered their support
Castro nationalised all American companies
Bay of pigs incident
They stopped sugar trade with Cuba which backfired as they went to the ussr
Bay of pigs
1961 jfk approved a plan to invade Cuba
1400 Cuban exiles were to land in Cuba and provoke anti communist uprising
Failed all exiles were taken prisoner or killed by 20,000 Cuban troops
Cuban misscile crisis 1962
- American spy planes took pictures of Cuba and saw missile sites and soviet ships carrying neculear weapons
- Threat to USA Cuba close to USA
- Good for krushchev as strengthen his position and America had missiles in turkey
- JFK blockaded Cuba (quarantine zone)
- Letters were being passed around they promised to remove the missiles in both turkey and Cuba
Consequences to the Cuban missile crisis
- both released they were on the brink of nuclear war which led to 1963 test ban treaty
- a hotline was installed so the presidents could speak to each other directly
- created willingness to join salts
What caused the Prague springs
- novontny was extremely hard line and unpopular
- the Czech had weak economy and the just controlled the economy for their benefit
Prague spring narrative
- the people protested against the lack of freedom
- novotney asked Brezhnev for help but he refused
- novotny replaced with dubcek
- dubcek socialism with a human face
- made reforms: freedom of speech, travel restrictions, secret police
USSR response to the Prague springs
- the new polices meant that the ussr had less control of Czech
- president if Yugoslavia tito visited Czech and he refused to the Warsaw pact so this looked suspicious to Brezhnev
