Key Terms Period 3

Question 1

Patrick Henry

Answer 1

“Patrick Henry was an American politician, planter, and orator who declared to the Second Virginia Convention: “Give me liberty, or give me death!” A Founding Father, he served as the first and sixth post-colonial Governor of Virginia, from 1776 to 1779 and from 1784 to 1786”

Question 2

Samuel Adams

Answer 2

“Samuel Adams was an American statesman, political philosopher, and a Founding Father of the United States.”

Question 3

Intolerable acts

Answer 3

“He was known for his ability to harness popular resentment against Parliament’s authority to tax the colonies in a productive manner.”

Question 4

George III

Answer 4

“George III was King of Great Britain and Ireland from 25 October 1760 until his death in 1820. The Acts of Union 1800 unified Great Britain and Ireland into the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, with George as its king.”

Question 5

Parliament

Answer 5

“In modern politics, and history, a parliament is a legislative body of government. Generally, a modern parliament has three functions: representing the electorate, making laws, and overseeing the government via hearings and inquiries.”

Question 6

Salutary Neglect

Answer 6

“the unofficial British policy where parliamentary rules and laws were loosely or not enforced on the American colonies and trade.”

Question 8

Pontiac’s Rebellion

Answer 8

“Pontiac’s War was launched in 1763 by a loose confederation of Native Americans who were dissatisfied with British rule in the Great Lakes region following the French and Indian War”

Question 9

Proclamation of 1763

Answer 9

“The Royal Proclamation of 1763 was issued by King George III on 7 October 1763. It followed the Treaty of Paris, which formally ended the Seven Years’ War and transferred French territory in North America to Great Britain.”

Question 10

Seven Years War (French and Indian War)

Answer 10

“The French and Indian War began in 1754 and ended with the Treaty of Paris in 1763. The war provided Great Britain enormous territorial gains in North America, but disputes over subsequent frontier policy and paying the war’s expenses led to colonial discontent, and ultimately to the American Revolution.”

Question 11

Stamp Act

Answer 11

“The act required the colonists to pay a tax, represented by a stamp, on various forms of papers, documents, and playing cards. It was a direct tax imposed by the British government without the approval of the colonial legislatures and was payable in hard-to-obtain British sterling, rather than colonial currency.”

Question 12

Townshend Acts

Answer 12

“The Townshend Acts or Townshend Duties were a series of British acts of Parliament passed during 1767 and 1768 introducing a series of taxes and regulations to enable administration of the British colonies in America.”

Question 13

Writs of Assistance

Answer 13

“A writ of assistance is an order directing that a party convey, deliver, or turn over a deed, document, or right of ownership.”

Question 15

Coercive Acts

Answer 15

“a series of four laws passed by the British Parliament to punish the colony of Massachusetts Bay for the Boston Tea Party…took away self-governance and rights that Massachusetts had enjoyed since its founding, triggering outrage and indignation in the Thirteen Colonies.”

Question 16

Enlightenment

Answer 16

“Enlightenment, a European intellectual movement of the 17th and 18th centuries in which ideas concerning God, reason, nature, and humanity were synthesized into a worldview that gained wide assent in the West and that instigated revolutionary developments in art, philosophy, and politics.”

Question 17

Deism

Answer 17

“belief in the existence of a supreme being, specifically of a creator who does not intervene in the universe. The term is used chiefly of an intellectual movement of the 17th and 18th centuries that accepted the existence of a creator on the basis of reason but rejected belief in a supernatural deity who interacts with humankind.”

Question 18

John Locke

Answer 18

“John Locke was an English philosopher and physician, widely regarded as one of the most influential of Enlightenment thinkers and commonly known as the ‘father of liberalism’”.

Question 19

Jean-Jacques Rousseau

Answer 19

“Jean-Jacques Rousseau was a Genevan philosopher, writer, and composer. His political philosophy influenced the progress of the Age of Enlightenment throughout Europe, as well as aspects of the French Revolution and the development of modern political, economic, and educational thought.”

Question 20

John Adams

Answer 20

“John Adams was an American statesman, attorney, diplomat, writer, and Founding Father who served as the second president of the United States from 1797 to 1801. Before his presidency, he was a leader of the American Revolution that achieved independence from Great Britain.”

Question 21

First Continental Congress

Answer 21

“The First Continental Congress was a meeting of delegates of 12 of the Thirteen Colonies held from September 5 to October 26, 1774, at Carpenters’ Hall in Philadelphia at the beginning of the American Revolution.”

Question 22

Declaration of Rights and Grievances

Answer 22

“The Stamp Act Congress passed a “Declaration of Rights and Grievances,” which claimed that American colonists were equal to all other British citizens, protested taxation without representation, and stated that, without colonial representation in Parliament, Parliament could not tax colonists.”

Question 23

Second Continental Congress

Answer 23

“The Second Continental Congress was the late 18th-century meeting of delegates from the Thirteen Colonies that united in support of the American Revolution and the Revolutionary War, which established American independence from the British Empire.”

Question 24

Olive Branch Petition

Answer 24

“The Olive Branch Petition was adopted by Congress on July 5, 1775, to be sent to the King as a last attempt to prevent formal war from being declared. The Petition emphasized their loyalty to the British crown and emphasized their rights as British citizens.”

Question 25

George Washington

Answer 25

“George Washington was an American Founding Father, politician, military officer, and farmer who served as the first president of the United States from 1789 to 1797.”

Question 26

Declaration of Independence

Answer 26

“The Declaration of Independence, formally titled The unanimous Declaration of the thirteen united States of America in both the engrossed version and the original printing, is the founding document of the United States.”

Question 27

Northwest Land Ordinance of 1787

Answer 27

“chartered a government for the Northwest Territory, provided a method for admitting new states to the Union from the territory, and listed a bill of rights guaranteed in the territory”

Question 28

Lexington & Concord

Answer 28

“The Battles of Lexington and Concord was the first major military campaign of the American Revolutionary War, resulting in an American victory and outpouring of militia support for the anti-British cause.”

Question 29

Battle of Saratoga

Answer 29

“The Battles of Saratoga marked the climax of the Saratoga campaign, giving a decisive victory to the Americans over the British in the American Revolutionary War.”

Question 30

Battle of Yorktown

Answer 30

“Supported by the French army and navy, Washington’s forces defeated Lord Charles Cornwallis’ veteran army dug in at Yorktown, Virginia. Victory at Yorktown led directly to the peace negotiations that ended the war in 1783 and gave America its independence.”

Question 31

Articles of Confederation

Answer 31

“The Articles of Confederation were adopted by the Continental Congress on November 15, 1777. This document served as the United States’ first constitution. It was in force from March 1, 1781, until 1789 when the present-day Constitution went into effect.”

Question 32

Unicameral Legislature

Answer 32

“A legislature is unicameral if it consists of only one house. How many unicameral legislatures are there in the United States? Only one: Nebraska has the only unicameral legislature in the country.”

Question 33

Absolute March

Answer 33

“An absolute monarchy is a form of government in which a single person—usually a king or queen—holds absolute, autocratic power.”

Question 34

Treaty of Paris

Answer 34

“This treaty, signed on September 3, 1783, between the American colonies and Great Britain, ended the American Revolution and formally recognized the United States as an independent nation.”

Question 35

Thomas Paine/ Common Sense

Answer 35

“Common Sense is a 47-page pamphlet written by Thomas Paine in 1775–1776 advocating independence from Great Britain to people in the Thirteen Colonies.”

Question 36

Patriots

Answer 36

“The Patriots were those colonials who were growing weary of British rules and policies, especially when they had no say in how these laws would be made or implemented. They strived for freedom from a tyrannical royal government, often led by Royal Governors who suppressed any utterance of rebellion.”

Question 37

Loyalists

Answer 37

“The term “Loyalists” refers to American colonists who remained loyal to the British Crown. Many of them served under the British during the American Revolution (1775-1783)”

Question 38

Abigail Adams

Answer 38

“Abigail Adams was not only an early advocate for women’s rights, she was a vital confidant and advisor to her husband John Adams, the nation’s second president. She opposed slavery and supported women’s education.”

Question 39

Shay’s Rebellion

Answer 39

“A violent insurrection in the Massachusetts countryside during 1786 and 1787, Shays’ Rebellion was brought about by a monetary debt crisis at the end of the American Revolutionary War. Although Massachusetts was the focal point of the crisis, other states experienced similar economic hardships.”