Key Terms: Introduction to Scanning Flashcards
Plane perpendicular to the long axis of the body; axial view
Transverse Plane
Toward the head
Cephalic
The prudent use of ultrasound to limit patient exposure; as low as reasonably achievable
ALARA
Artifact resulting from reduced echo amplitude or echo drop off posterior to a structure that attenuates the sound beam
Acoustic shadows
Anechoic structure, with well defined posterior wall, and acoustical enhancement
Cyst
The point at which the sound beam is the narrowest and the image resolution is best
Focal zone
Echo free appearance on ultrasound
Anechoic
New growth of tissue may be benign or malignant
Neoplasm
Older term used to describe a structure that is anechoic
Sonolucent
Used to describe a mass that is composed of tissue and fluid
Complex mass
On or toward the side
Lateral
An artifact that demonstrates increased echo amplitude posterior to a structure that does not impede sound transmission
Acoustical enhancement
Situated toward the surface
Superficial
Two or more cursors that can be moved to calculate distance or size
Calipers
Decrease in the intensity of the sound beam as it passes through a structure
Attenuation
Internal, situated away from surface
Deep
Few echoes
Echopenic
Situated closest to the point of origin
Proximal
Scale of achromatic colors having multiple shades from black to white
Gray scale
Lying down on the left side rotated toward back approximately 45 degrees
Left posterior oblique
Tissue composing an organ
Pleural
Term used to describe a mass that is composed of tissue
Solid
Lying down
Decubitus
Reflections on the ultrasound image that are not real or obscure the desired object
Shadowing
Affecting or situated on the opposite side
Contralateral
Aka acoustic or posterior enhancement
Through transmission
Degenerative or death of tissues
Necrotic
The sonographic appearance of soft tissue structures within the body
Echo texture
Lying on the right side of the body
Right lateral decubitus
Lying down on the ride side rotating approximately 45 degrees toward the front
Right inferior oblique
Structure that is able to produce echoes
Echogenic
Abnormal destructive cells that divide and spread to other parts of the body (cancer)
Malignant
Substance used to reduce air between the transducer and the skin to allow sound waves to travel in the body
Coupling agent
Plane that divides the body lengthwise in to right and left sides
Sagittal plane
Pertains to the body as a whole
Systemic
Boundary definitions between 2 structures
Interface
Lying down on the right side rotated toward back approximately 45 degrees
Right posterior oblique
At right angles; perpendicular
Orthogonal
The distance the sound beam travels from the transducer in the body; adjusted by sonographer
Depth
Pertains to length-lengthwise
Longitudinal plane
Lying toward the midline of the body
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Same echogenicity as surrounding tissues
Isoechoic
Toward the midline of body
Medial
Irregular echo pattern; usually used to describe parenchymal changes
Heterogenous
Lying down of the left side approximately 45 degrees toward the front
Left anterior oblique
Directed towards the front
Anterior
Situated on the same side
Ipsilateral
Non cancerous; does not spread throughout the body
Benign
Toward the head
Superior
Toward the feet
Caudal
Situated or directed toward the back
Posterior
Fluid structure that does not meet the criteria to be a true cyst
Cystic
Laying flat on the ventral side
Prone
Smooth or uniform echo pattern
Homogenous
Echoes are not as bright as surrounding tissues
Hypoechoic
Lying on the back
Supine
Lying on the left side of body
Left lateral decubitus
Resistance that material provides to the passage of sound waves
Impedance
Imaging parallel to the long axis of the body and perpendicular to scanning plane (anterior posterior)
Coronal plane
Echoes are brighter than surrounding tissues
Hyperechoic
