Key Terms - Hazard In A Natural Enviroment

Question 1

Natural hazard

Answer 1

Event caused by natural processes that is a threat to people and property

Question 2

Natural disaster (4)

Answer 2

A natural hazard becomes a distant if there’s significant impact on people and property
10 killed
100 affected
Gov declares a state of emergency

Question 3

Primary impacts (2)

Answer 3

Have an immediate effect on the affected area
Direct result of the event

Question 4

Secondary impacts

Answer 4

Happen after the distaff occurs

Question 5

Geophysical hazard (2)

Answer 5

Driven by the earths own internal energy sources
Plate tectonics, volcanoes, seismic activity

Question 6

Atmospheric hazard (2)

Answer 6

Driven by processes at work in the atmosphere
Tropical storms, drought

Question 7

Hydrological hazard

Answer 7

Driven by water bodies, mainly oceans

Question 8

Hazard perception (2)

Answer 8

Way in which people receive and process the information about a potential hazard
Influenced by a range of factors - education, religion, socio economic status and cultural background

Question 9

Hazard risk

Answer 9

The ability/inability to resist a hazard and respond when a disaster has occurred

Question 10

Economic determinism

Answer 10

View that the wealth of an individual or community = the most significant factor in determining it’s capacity to cope with the impact of a hazard

Question 11

Cultural determinism (2)

Answer 11

View that cultural factors are significant in determining an individuals or communities capacity to cope with the impacts of a hazard
Persons values, beliefs, age and family situation

Question 12

Fatalism

Answer 12

An acceptance that hazards are a natural part of living in an area and losses are inevitable

Question 13

Prediction

Answer 13

Improvements in tech have increased the ability to give advanced warnings or hazardous events

Question 14

Adaption

Answer 14

If we accept NH are inevitable we can adapt to increase the level of protection and reduce risks

Question 15

Mitigation

Answer 15

Actions aimed at reducing the seriousness of an event and lessening its impacts

Question 16

Management (5)

Answer 16

Modern management techniques involve:
gathering accurate information
carful analysis
deliberate planning
to make the most of money and resources available

Question 17

Community risk sharing (3)

Answer 17

Public education
Evacuation procedures + shelters
Insurance

Question 18

Hazard distribution

Answer 18

Spatial coverage of a hazard

Question 19

Hazard frequency (2)

Answer 19

The distribution of a hazard through time
Some are infrequent and some are regular

Question 20

Hazard magnitude (2)

Answer 20

Size of impact of hazard
Can be given using a scale for example the Richter scale for earthquakes

Question 21

The park model

Answer 21

It shows how peoples quality of life is likely to change through the five phases of a distant

Question 22

The hazard management cycle (2)

Answer 22

Represents hazard response as a continuous process
Cycle has four stages = preparation, response, recovery and mitigation

Question 23

Risk (2)

Answer 23

The probability of a hazard occurring
Creating a loss of lives + livelihoods