Key Terms Crashing Flashcards
1
Q
Columbian Exchange
A
Is a swap between New World and Europe. Cattle and other animals were sent to the New World. Crops such as Tomatoes, Corn and Potatoes were sent back tot eh Old World.
2
Q
Columbian Exchange
A
Is a swap between New World and Europe. Cattle and other animals were sent to the New World. Crops such as Tomatoes, Corn and Potatoes were sent back tot eh Old World.
3
Q
Columbian Exchange
A
Is a swap between New World and Europe. Cattle and other animals were sent to the New World. Crops such as Tomatoes, Corn and Potatoes were sent back tot eh Old World.
4
Q
Columbian Exchange
A
Is a swap between New World and Europe. Cattle and other animals were sent to the New World. Crops such as Tomatoes, Corn and Potatoes were sent back tot eh Old World.
5
Q
Columbian Exchange
A
Is a swap between New World and Europe. Cattle and other animals were sent to the New World. Crops such as Tomatoes, Corn and Potatoes were sent back tot eh Old World.
6
Q
Columbian Exchange
A
Is a swap between New World and Europe. Cattle and other animals were sent to the New World. Crops such as Tomatoes, Corn and Potatoes were sent back tot eh Old World.
7
Q
Columbian Exchange
A
Is a swap between New World and Europe. Cattle and other animals were sent to the New World. Crops such as Tomatoes, Corn and Potatoes were sent back tot eh Old World.
8
Q
Columbian Exchange
A
Is a swap between New World and Europe. Cattle and other animals were sent to the New World. Crops such as Tomatoes, Corn and Potatoes were sent back tot eh Old World.
9
Q
Columbian Exchange
A
Is a swap between New World and Europe. Cattle and other animals were sent to the New World. Crops such as Tomatoes, Corn and Potatoes were sent back tot eh Old World.
10
Q
Columbian Exchange
A
Is a swap between New World and Europe. Cattle and other animals were sent to the New World. Crops such as Tomatoes, Corn and Potatoes were sent back tot eh Old World.
11
Q
Columbian Exchange
A
Is a swap between New World and Europe. Cattle and other animals were sent to the New World. Crops such as Tomatoes, Corn and Potatoes were sent back tot eh Old World.
12
Q
Columbian Exchange
A
Is a swap between New World and Europe. Cattle and other animals were sent to the New World. Crops such as Tomatoes, Corn and Potatoes were sent back tot eh Old World.
13
Q
Mercantilism
A
An economic policy used by Great Britain in the 17th / 18th century in which GB gained power and wealth by having the colonies send GB large amounts of gold and silver AND creating a FAVORABLE balance of trade with the colonies (in other words the colonies didn’t get much in return from GB).
14
Q
Half-Way Covenant
A
Puritans allowed the baptism of children of already baptized but NON-CONVERTED Puritans.
15
Q
Enlightenment
A
An 18th century philosophy that stated that reason could be used to improve the human condition and embraced the idea of “natural rights” like life liberty & pursuit of happiness. Thomas Jefferson and Benjamin Franklin.
16
Q
Deism
A
The belief that God created the Universe and allows it operate according to the Laws of Nature. Benjamin Franklin, Thomas Jefferson
17
Q
The 1st Great Awakening
A
A wave of religious movements that took place in the 1730s & 40s.
18
Q
Republicanism / Republican Government
A
Government based on the consent of the people.
19
Q
Separation of Powers
A
Division of 3 branches of goverment into : Judicial, Legislative, Executive branches. Alexander Hamilton.
20
Q
Checks & Balances
A
System that prevents any one branch of government from overpowering the other 2 branches.
21
Q
Judicial Review
A
The Supreme Court can declare a law unconstitutional based on precedent set in Marbury v Madison.
22
Q
American System
A
Set of proposals championed by Henry Clay designed to unify the nation and strengthen the economy. It included: protective tariffs, national bank and a “internal improvements”.
23
Q
Internal Improvements
A
A transportation system designed to unify the nation and increase economic growth.
24
Q
Cult of Domesticity / Republican Motherhood
A
CoD: Refers to the the IDEAL role for women as wives and mothers.
RM: Is the IDEA that Wives and Mothers have a RESPONSIBILITY to raise the nation’s children to be virtuous citizens of the new American Republic.
25
Trancendentalism
The philosophy that believes life should be simple and celebrate the truth found in nature. Famous TDs Henry David Thoreau & Ralph Waldo Emerson.
26
Perfectionism / Utopianism
Belief that society can be a utopia, communities based on COOPERATION & MUTUAL RESPECT.
27
2ND Great Awakening
1800-1830. A wave of religious enthusiasm -- famous for women pointing out the moral issues of slavery.
28
Jacksonian Democracy
Political movement that emphasized the greatness of the COMMON MAN, promoted universal WHITE MALE SUFFERAGE, NEPOTISM (appointment of political supporters to government positions), and opposition to PRIVILEDGED EASTERN ELITES.
29
Nullification
A LEGAL POSITION that a STATE may take against a Federal Laws -- deeming it unconstitutional at the state level -- and therefore not enforceable at the state level by the federal government..
30
Manifest Destiny
19th Century belief that the US would continue to expand westward to the Pacific Ocean.
31
Popular Sovereignty
Gives new states the right to decide whether or not it would be a slave or free state. The 1st great test was in Kansas.
32
Jim Crow Laws
US laws mandating racial segregation against African Americans from 1875 - 1965.
33
Social Gospel
19th Century reform movement.
Christians have responsibility to confront social problems.
ex: Poverty
34
Gospel of Wealth
The rich are the guardians of society's wealth
They have a duty to serve society in humane ways
Andrew Carnegie main advocate
35
Social Darwinism
Belief that there is a NATURAL EVOLUTIONARY PROCESS by which the FITTEST WILL SURVIVE
36
Frontier Thesis
Argument by Fredrick Jackson Turner that frontier experience helped make American society more democratic
37
New Immigrants
1880-1924: Massive wave of immigrants that came to America. From England, Germany, Scandinavia, Eastern & Southern Europe.
38
Nativism
Favoring the interests of Native Born People over those of Immigrants. the 'KNOW NOTHINGS' = 1st Nativist political party
39
Muckrakers
Early 20th Century Journalists who exposed illegal business practices, social injustices, & corrupt urban political "bosses".
40
Taylorism
System of scientific management developme by Fredrick W. Taylor. Sought to develop a disciplined labor force by eliminating wasted MOTION.
41
Vertical Integration
Happens when a company controls PRODUCTION & DISTRIBUTION of its PRODUCTS
42
Horizontal Integration
Happens when one company gains control over other companies that produce the same product.
43
Hoovervilles
Slums (shanty towns) inhabited by homeless people during the Great Depression
44
Laissez Faire Economics
Economic philosophy
| Economic activities should be free of Government interference, regulations, restraint
45
Isolationism
US Foreign Policy
Called for Americans to avoid entangling political alliances
ex: Neutrality Acts of the 1930s
46
Containment
US Cold War foreign policy designed to contain or block the spread of Soviet political influence
47
McCarthyism
Making public accusations of disloyalty (traitor"ism") without any supporting evidence (witch hunt)
Sen. McCarthy claimed Communists had infiltrated US government agencies causing an outbreak of national paranoia.
48
Domino Theory
Political belief that if one country falls to Communism then its neighbors will also fall to Communism
49
Massive Retaliation
Military doctrine by President Eisenhower's Secretary of State John Foster Dulles that, in the event of an attack by a hostile power, the US would retaliate with massive force including nuclear weapons.
50
Black Power
1960s political movement by African Americans
Establishes control over their political and economic lives.
Key advocates: Macolm X, Stokely Carmichael, Huey Newton.
51
Hawks & Doves
Hawks: supported US involvement in Vietnam War
Believed US force increases to win war
Doves: opposed Vietnam War
Believed US forces should be withdrawn
52
Détente
Relaxation of tensions between US & USSR
Introduced by Secretary of State Henry Kissinger & President Richard Nixon
Ex: SALT - Strategic Arms Limitation Talks
Expanded trade with the USSR
President Nixon's trips to China & Russia
53
Reaganomics
Economic policies of President Ronald Reagan
Supply Side Economics to stimulate economy
Deregulation of Businesses, Reducing Corporate Tax Rates, Lowering Federal Tax rates for Upper & Middle income Americans
54
Mercantilism
An economic policy used by Great Britain in the 17th / 18th century in which GB gained power and wealth by having the colonies send GB large amounts of gold and silver AND creating a FAVORABLE balance of trade with the colonies (in other words the colonies didn't get much in return from GB).
55
Half-Way Covenant
Puritans allowed the baptism of children of already baptized but NON-CONVERTED Puritans.
56
Enlightenment
An 18th century philosophy that stated that reason could be used to improve the human condition and embraced the idea of "natural rights" like life liberty & pursuit of happiness. Thomas Jefferson and Benjamin Franklin.
57
Deism
The belief that God created the Universe and allows it operate according to the Laws of Nature. Benjamin Franklin, Thomas Jefferson
58
The 1st Great Awakening
A wave of religious movements that took place in the 1730s & 40s.
59
Republicanism / Republican Government
Government based on the consent of the people.
60
Separation of Powers
Division of 3 branches of goverment into : Judicial, Legislative, Executive branches. Alexander Hamilton.
61
Checks & Balances
System that prevents any one branch of government from overpowering the other 2 branches.
62
Judicial Review
The Supreme Court can declare a law unconstitutional based on precedent set in Marbury v Madison.
63
American System
Set of proposals championed by Henry Clay designed to unify the nation and strengthen the economy. It included: protective tariffs, national bank and a "internal improvements".
64
Internal Improvements
A transportation system designed to unify the nation and increase economic growth.
65
Cult of Domesticity / Republican Motherhood
CoD: Refers to the the IDEAL role for women as wives and mothers.
RM: Is the IDEA that Wives and Mothers have a RESPONSIBILITY to raise the nation's children to be virtuous citizens of the new American Republic.
66
Trancendentalism
The philosophy that believes life should be simple and celebrate the truth found in nature. Famous TDs Henry David Thoreau & Ralph Waldo Emerson.
67
Perfectionism / Utopianism
Belief that society can be a utopia, communities based on COOPERATION & MUTUAL RESPECT.
68
2ND Great Awakening
1800-1830. A wave of religious enthusiasm -- famous for women pointing out the moral issues of slavery.
69
Jacksonian Democracy
Political movement that emphasized the greatness of the COMMON MAN, promoted universal WHITE MALE SUFFERAGE, NEPOTISM (appointment of political supporters to government positions), and opposition to PRIVILEDGED EASTERN ELITES.
70
Nullification
A LEGAL POSITION that a STATE may take against a Federal Laws -- deeming it unconstitutional at the state level -- and therefore not enforceable at the state level by the federal government..
71
Manifest Destiny
19th Century belief that the US would continue to expand westward to the Pacific Ocean.
72
Popular Sovereignty
Gives new states the right to decide whether or not it would be a slave or free state. The 1st great test was in Kansas.
73
Jim Crow Laws
US laws mandating racial segregation against African Americans from 1875 - 1965.
74
Social Gospel
19th Century reform movement.
Christians have responsibility to confront social problems.
ex: Poverty
75
Gospel of Wealth
The rich are the guardians of society's wealth
They have a duty to serve society in humane ways
Andrew Carnegie main advocate
76
Social Darwinism
Belief that there is a NATURAL EVOLUTIONARY PROCESS by which the FITTEST WILL SURVIVE
77
Frontier Thesis
Argument by Fredrick Jackson Turner that frontier experience helped make American society more democratic
78
New Immigrants
1880-1924: Massive wave of immigrants that came to America. From England, Germany, Scandinavia, Eastern & Southern Europe.
79
Nativism
Favoring the interests of Native Born People over those of Immigrants. the 'KNOW NOTHINGS' = 1st Nativist political party
80
Muckrakers
Early 20th Century Journalists who exposed illegal business practices, social injustices, & corrupt urban political "bosses".
81
Taylorism
System of scientific management developme by Fredrick W. Taylor. Sought to develop a disciplined labor force by eliminating wasted MOTION.
82
Vertical Integration
Happens when a company controls PRODUCTION & DISTRIBUTION of its PRODUCTS
83
Horizontal Integration
Happens when one company gains control over other companies that produce the same product.
84
Hoovervilles
Slums (shanty towns) inhabited by homeless people during the Great Depression
85
Laissez Faire Economics
Economic philosophy
| Economic activities should be free of Government interference, regulations, restraint
86
Isolationism
US Foreign Policy
Called for Americans to avoid entangling political alliances
ex: Neutrality Acts of the 1930s
87
Containment
US Cold War foreign policy designed to contain or block the spread of Soviet political influence
88
McCarthyism
Making public accusations of disloyalty (traitor"ism") without any supporting evidence (witch hunt)
Sen. McCarthy claimed Communists had infiltrated US government agencies causing an outbreak of national paranoia.
89
Domino Theory
Political belief that if one country falls to Communism then its neighbors will also fall to Communism
90
Massive Retaliation
Military doctrine by President Eisenhower's Secretary of State John Foster Dulles that, in the event of an attack by a hostile power, the US would retaliate with massive force including nuclear weapons.
91
Black Power
1960s political movement by African Americans
Establishes control over their political and economic lives.
Key advocates: Macolm X, Stokely Carmichael, Huey Newton.
92
Hawks & Doves
Hawks: supported US involvement in Vietnam War
Believed US force increases to win war
Doves: opposed Vietnam War
Believed US forces should be withdrawn
93
Détente
Relaxation of tensions between US & USSR
Introduced by Secretary of State Henry Kissinger & President Richard Nixon
Ex: SALT - Strategic Arms Limitation Talks
Expanded trade with the USSR
President Nixon's trips to China & Russia
94
Reaganomics
Economic policies of President Ronald Reagan
Supply Side Economics to stimulate economy
Deregulation of Businesses, Reducing Corporate Tax Rates, Lowering Federal Tax rates for Upper & Middle income Americans
95
Mercantilism
An economic policy used by Great Britain in the 17th / 18th century in which GB gained power and wealth by having the colonies send GB large amounts of gold and silver AND creating a FAVORABLE balance of trade with the colonies (in other words the colonies didn't get much in return from GB).
96
Half-Way Covenant
Puritans allowed the baptism of children of already baptized but NON-CONVERTED Puritans.
97
Enlightenment
An 18th century philosophy that stated that reason could be used to improve the human condition and embraced the idea of "natural rights" like life liberty & pursuit of happiness. Thomas Jefferson and Benjamin Franklin.
98
Deism
The belief that God created the Universe and allows it operate according to the Laws of Nature. Benjamin Franklin, Thomas Jefferson
99
The 1st Great Awakening
A wave of religious movements that took place in the 1730s & 40s.
100
Republicanism / Republican Government
Government based on the consent of the people.
101
Separation of Powers
Division of 3 branches of goverment into : Judicial, Legislative, Executive branches. Alexander Hamilton.
102
Checks & Balances
System that prevents any one branch of government from overpowering the other 2 branches.
103
Judicial Review
The Supreme Court can declare a law unconstitutional based on precedent set in Marbury v Madison.
104
American System
Set of proposals championed by Henry Clay designed to unify the nation and strengthen the economy. It included: protective tariffs, national bank and a "internal improvements".
105
Internal Improvements
A transportation system designed to unify the nation and increase economic growth.
106
Cult of Domesticity / Republican Motherhood
CoD: Refers to the the IDEAL role for women as wives and mothers.
RM: Is the IDEA that Wives and Mothers have a RESPONSIBILITY to raise the nation's children to be virtuous citizens of the new American Republic.
107
Trancendentalism
The philosophy that believes life should be simple and celebrate the truth found in nature. Famous TDs Henry David Thoreau & Ralph Waldo Emerson.
108
Perfectionism / Utopianism
Belief that society can be a utopia, communities based on COOPERATION & MUTUAL RESPECT.
109
2ND Great Awakening
1800-1830. A wave of religious enthusiasm -- famous for women pointing out the moral issues of slavery.
110
Jacksonian Democracy
Political movement that emphasized the greatness of the COMMON MAN, promoted universal WHITE MALE SUFFERAGE, NEPOTISM (appointment of political supporters to government positions), and opposition to PRIVILEDGED EASTERN ELITES.
111
Nullification
A LEGAL POSITION that a STATE may take against a Federal Laws -- deeming it unconstitutional at the state level -- and therefore not enforceable at the state level by the federal government..
112
Manifest Destiny
19th Century belief that the US would continue to expand westward to the Pacific Ocean.
113
Popular Sovereignty
Gives new states the right to decide whether or not it would be a slave or free state. The 1st great test was in Kansas.
114
Jim Crow Laws
US laws mandating racial segregation against African Americans from 1875 - 1965.
115
Social Gospel
19th Century reform movement.
Christians have responsibility to confront social problems.
ex: Poverty
116
Gospel of Wealth
The rich are the guardians of society's wealth
They have a duty to serve society in humane ways
Andrew Carnegie main advocate
117
Social Darwinism
Belief that there is a NATURAL EVOLUTIONARY PROCESS by which the FITTEST WILL SURVIVE
118
Frontier Thesis
Argument by Fredrick Jackson Turner that frontier experience helped make American society more democratic
119
New Immigrants
1880-1924: Massive wave of immigrants that came to America. From England, Germany, Scandinavia, Eastern & Southern Europe.
120
Nativism
Favoring the interests of Native Born People over those of Immigrants. the 'KNOW NOTHINGS' = 1st Nativist political party
121
Muckrakers
Early 20th Century Journalists who exposed illegal business practices, social injustices, & corrupt urban political "bosses".
122
Taylorism
System of scientific management developme by Fredrick W. Taylor. Sought to develop a disciplined labor force by eliminating wasted MOTION.
123
Vertical Integration
Happens when a company controls PRODUCTION & DISTRIBUTION of its PRODUCTS
124
Horizontal Integration
Happens when one company gains control over other companies that produce the same product.
125
Hoovervilles
Slums (shanty towns) inhabited by homeless people during the Great Depression
126
Laissez Faire Economics
Economic philosophy
| Economic activities should be free of Government interference, regulations, restraint
127
Isolationism
US Foreign Policy
Called for Americans to avoid entangling political alliances
ex: Neutrality Acts of the 1930s
128
Containment
US Cold War foreign policy designed to contain or block the spread of Soviet political influence
129
McCarthyism
Making public accusations of disloyalty (traitor"ism") without any supporting evidence (witch hunt)
Sen. McCarthy claimed Communists had infiltrated US government agencies causing an outbreak of national paranoia.
130
Domino Theory
Political belief that if one country falls to Communism then its neighbors will also fall to Communism
131
Massive Retaliation
Military doctrine by President Eisenhower's Secretary of State John Foster Dulles that, in the event of an attack by a hostile power, the US would retaliate with massive force including nuclear weapons.
132
Black Power
1960s political movement by African Americans
Establishes control over their political and economic lives.
Key advocates: Macolm X, Stokely Carmichael, Huey Newton.
133
Hawks & Doves
Hawks: supported US involvement in Vietnam War
Believed US force increases to win war
Doves: opposed Vietnam War
Believed US forces should be withdrawn
134
Détente
Relaxation of tensions between US & USSR
Introduced by Secretary of State Henry Kissinger & President Richard Nixon
Ex: SALT - Strategic Arms Limitation Talks
Expanded trade with the USSR
President Nixon's trips to China & Russia
135
Reaganomics
Economic policies of President Ronald Reagan
Supply Side Economics to stimulate economy
Deregulation of Businesses, Reducing Corporate Tax Rates, Lowering Federal Tax rates for Upper & Middle income Americans
136
Mercantilism
An economic policy used by Great Britain in the 17th / 18th century in which GB gained power and wealth by having the colonies send GB large amounts of gold and silver AND creating a FAVORABLE balance of trade with the colonies (in other words the colonies didn't get much in return from GB).
137
Half-Way Covenant
Puritans allowed the baptism of children of already baptized but NON-CONVERTED Puritans.
138
Enlightenment
An 18th century philosophy that stated that reason could be used to improve the human condition and embraced the idea of "natural rights" like life liberty & pursuit of happiness. Thomas Jefferson and Benjamin Franklin.
139
Deism
The belief that God created the Universe and allows it operate according to the Laws of Nature. Benjamin Franklin, Thomas Jefferson
140
The 1st Great Awakening
A wave of religious movements that took place in the 1730s & 40s.
141
Republicanism / Republican Government
Government based on the consent of the people.
142
Separation of Powers
Division of 3 branches of goverment into : Judicial, Legislative, Executive branches. Alexander Hamilton.
143
Checks & Balances
System that prevents any one branch of government from overpowering the other 2 branches.
144
Judicial Review
The Supreme Court can declare a law unconstitutional based on precedent set in Marbury v Madison.
145
American System
Set of proposals championed by Henry Clay designed to unify the nation and strengthen the economy. It included: protective tariffs, national bank and a "internal improvements".
146
Internal Improvements
A transportation system designed to unify the nation and increase economic growth.
147
Cult of Domesticity / Republican Motherhood
CoD: Refers to the the IDEAL role for women as wives and mothers.
RM: Is the IDEA that Wives and Mothers have a RESPONSIBILITY to raise the nation's children to be virtuous citizens of the new American Republic.
148
Trancendentalism
The philosophy that believes life should be simple and celebrate the truth found in nature. Famous TDs Henry David Thoreau & Ralph Waldo Emerson.
149
Perfectionism / Utopianism
Belief that society can be a utopia, communities based on COOPERATION & MUTUAL RESPECT.
150
2ND Great Awakening
1800-1830. A wave of religious enthusiasm -- famous for women pointing out the moral issues of slavery.
151
Jacksonian Democracy
Political movement that emphasized the greatness of the COMMON MAN, promoted universal WHITE MALE SUFFERAGE, NEPOTISM (appointment of political supporters to government positions), and opposition to PRIVILEDGED EASTERN ELITES.
152
Nullification
A LEGAL POSITION that a STATE may take against a Federal Laws -- deeming it unconstitutional at the state level -- and therefore not enforceable at the state level by the federal government..
153
Manifest Destiny
19th Century belief that the US would continue to expand westward to the Pacific Ocean.
154
Popular Sovereignty
Gives new states the right to decide whether or not it would be a slave or free state. The 1st great test was in Kansas.
155
Jim Crow Laws
US laws mandating racial segregation against African Americans from 1875 - 1965.
156
Social Gospel
19th Century reform movement.
Christians have responsibility to confront social problems.
ex: Poverty
157
Gospel of Wealth
The rich are the guardians of society's wealth
They have a duty to serve society in humane ways
Andrew Carnegie main advocate
158
Social Darwinism
Belief that there is a NATURAL EVOLUTIONARY PROCESS by which the FITTEST WILL SURVIVE
159
Frontier Thesis
Argument by Fredrick Jackson Turner that frontier experience helped make American society more democratic
160
New Immigrants
1880-1924: Massive wave of immigrants that came to America. From England, Germany, Scandinavia, Eastern & Southern Europe.
161
Nativism
Favoring the interests of Native Born People over those of Immigrants. the 'KNOW NOTHINGS' = 1st Nativist political party
162
Muckrakers
Early 20th Century Journalists who exposed illegal business practices, social injustices, & corrupt urban political "bosses".
163
Taylorism
System of scientific management developme by Fredrick W. Taylor. Sought to develop a disciplined labor force by eliminating wasted MOTION.
164
Vertical Integration
Happens when a company controls PRODUCTION & DISTRIBUTION of its PRODUCTS
165
Horizontal Integration
Happens when one company gains control over other companies that produce the same product.
166
Hoovervilles
Slums (shanty towns) inhabited by homeless people during the Great Depression
167
Laissez Faire Economics
Economic philosophy
| Economic activities should be free of Government interference, regulations, restraint
168
Isolationism
US Foreign Policy
Called for Americans to avoid entangling political alliances
ex: Neutrality Acts of the 1930s
169
Containment
US Cold War foreign policy designed to contain or block the spread of Soviet political influence
170
McCarthyism
Making public accusations of disloyalty (traitor"ism") without any supporting evidence (witch hunt)
Sen. McCarthy claimed Communists had infiltrated US government agencies causing an outbreak of national paranoia.
171
Domino Theory
Political belief that if one country falls to Communism then its neighbors will also fall to Communism
172
Massive Retaliation
Military doctrine by President Eisenhower's Secretary of State John Foster Dulles that, in the event of an attack by a hostile power, the US would retaliate with massive force including nuclear weapons.
173
Black Power
1960s political movement by African Americans
Establishes control over their political and economic lives.
Key advocates: Macolm X, Stokely Carmichael, Huey Newton.
174
Hawks & Doves
Hawks: supported US involvement in Vietnam War
Believed US force increases to win war
Doves: opposed Vietnam War
Believed US forces should be withdrawn
175
Détente
Relaxation of tensions between US & USSR
Introduced by Secretary of State Henry Kissinger & President Richard Nixon
Ex: SALT - Strategic Arms Limitation Talks
Expanded trade with the USSR
President Nixon's trips to China & Russia
176
Reaganomics
Economic policies of President Ronald Reagan
Supply Side Economics to stimulate economy
Deregulation of Businesses, Reducing Corporate Tax Rates, Lowering Federal Tax rates for Upper & Middle income Americans
177
Mercantilism
An economic policy used by Great Britain in the 17th / 18th century in which GB gained power and wealth by having the colonies send GB large amounts of gold and silver AND creating a FAVORABLE balance of trade with the colonies (in other words the colonies didn't get much in return from GB).
178
Half-Way Covenant
Puritans allowed the baptism of children of already baptized but NON-CONVERTED Puritans.
179
Enlightenment
An 18th century philosophy that stated that reason could be used to improve the human condition and embraced the idea of "natural rights" like life liberty & pursuit of happiness. Thomas Jefferson and Benjamin Franklin.
180
Deism
The belief that God created the Universe and allows it operate according to the Laws of Nature. Benjamin Franklin, Thomas Jefferson
181
The 1st Great Awakening
A wave of religious movements that took place in the 1730s & 40s.
182
Republicanism / Republican Government
Government based on the consent of the people.
183
Separation of Powers
Division of 3 branches of goverment into : Judicial, Legislative, Executive branches. Alexander Hamilton.
184
Checks & Balances
System that prevents any one branch of government from overpowering the other 2 branches.
185
Judicial Review
The Supreme Court can declare a law unconstitutional based on precedent set in Marbury v Madison.
186
American System
Set of proposals championed by Henry Clay designed to unify the nation and strengthen the economy. It included: protective tariffs, national bank and a "internal improvements".
187
Internal Improvements
A transportation system designed to unify the nation and increase economic growth.
188
Cult of Domesticity / Republican Motherhood
CoD: Refers to the the IDEAL role for women as wives and mothers.
RM: Is the IDEA that Wives and Mothers have a RESPONSIBILITY to raise the nation's children to be virtuous citizens of the new American Republic.
189
Trancendentalism
The philosophy that believes life should be simple and celebrate the truth found in nature. Famous TDs Henry David Thoreau & Ralph Waldo Emerson.
190
Perfectionism / Utopianism
Belief that society can be a utopia, communities based on COOPERATION & MUTUAL RESPECT.
191
2ND Great Awakening
1800-1830. A wave of religious enthusiasm -- famous for women pointing out the moral issues of slavery.
192
Jacksonian Democracy
Political movement that emphasized the greatness of the COMMON MAN, promoted universal WHITE MALE SUFFERAGE, NEPOTISM (appointment of political supporters to government positions), and opposition to PRIVILEDGED EASTERN ELITES.
193
Nullification
A LEGAL POSITION that a STATE may take against a Federal Laws -- deeming it unconstitutional at the state level -- and therefore not enforceable at the state level by the federal government..
194
Manifest Destiny
19th Century belief that the US would continue to expand westward to the Pacific Ocean.
195
Popular Sovereignty
Gives new states the right to decide whether or not it would be a slave or free state. The 1st great test was in Kansas.
196
Jim Crow Laws
US laws mandating racial segregation against African Americans from 1875 - 1965.
197
Social Gospel
19th Century reform movement.
Christians have responsibility to confront social problems.
ex: Poverty
198
Gospel of Wealth
The rich are the guardians of society's wealth
They have a duty to serve society in humane ways
Andrew Carnegie main advocate
199
Social Darwinism
Belief that there is a NATURAL EVOLUTIONARY PROCESS by which the FITTEST WILL SURVIVE
200
Frontier Thesis
Argument by Fredrick Jackson Turner that frontier experience helped make American society more democratic
201
New Immigrants
1880-1924: Massive wave of immigrants that came to America. From England, Germany, Scandinavia, Eastern & Southern Europe.
202
Nativism
Favoring the interests of Native Born People over those of Immigrants. the 'KNOW NOTHINGS' = 1st Nativist political party
203
Muckrakers
Early 20th Century Journalists who exposed illegal business practices, social injustices, & corrupt urban political "bosses".
204
Taylorism
System of scientific management developme by Fredrick W. Taylor. Sought to develop a disciplined labor force by eliminating wasted MOTION.
205
Vertical Integration
Happens when a company controls PRODUCTION & DISTRIBUTION of its PRODUCTS
206
Horizontal Integration
Happens when one company gains control over other companies that produce the same product.
207
Hoovervilles
Slums (shanty towns) inhabited by homeless people during the Great Depression
208
Laissez Faire Economics
Economic philosophy
| Economic activities should be free of Government interference, regulations, restraint
209
Isolationism
US Foreign Policy
Called for Americans to avoid entangling political alliances
ex: Neutrality Acts of the 1930s
210
Containment
US Cold War foreign policy designed to contain or block the spread of Soviet political influence
211
McCarthyism
Making public accusations of disloyalty (traitor"ism") without any supporting evidence (witch hunt)
Sen. McCarthy claimed Communists had infiltrated US government agencies causing an outbreak of national paranoia.
212
Domino Theory
Political belief that if one country falls to Communism then its neighbors will also fall to Communism
213
Massive Retaliation
Military doctrine by President Eisenhower's Secretary of State John Foster Dulles that, in the event of an attack by a hostile power, the US would retaliate with massive force including nuclear weapons.
214
Black Power
1960s political movement by African Americans
Establishes control over their political and economic lives.
Key advocates: Macolm X, Stokely Carmichael, Huey Newton.
215
Hawks & Doves
Hawks: supported US involvement in Vietnam War
Believed US force increases to win war
Doves: opposed Vietnam War
Believed US forces should be withdrawn
216
Détente
Relaxation of tensions between US & USSR
Introduced by Secretary of State Henry Kissinger & President Richard Nixon
Ex: SALT - Strategic Arms Limitation Talks
Expanded trade with the USSR
President Nixon's trips to China & Russia
217
Reaganomics
Economic policies of President Ronald Reagan
Supply Side Economics to stimulate economy
Deregulation of Businesses, Reducing Corporate Tax Rates, Lowering Federal Tax rates for Upper & Middle income Americans
218
Mercantilism
An economic policy used by Great Britain in the 17th / 18th century in which GB gained power and wealth by having the colonies send GB large amounts of gold and silver AND creating a FAVORABLE balance of trade with the colonies (in other words the colonies didn't get much in return from GB).
219
Half-Way Covenant
Puritans allowed the baptism of children of already baptized but NON-CONVERTED Puritans.
220
Enlightenment
An 18th century philosophy that stated that reason could be used to improve the human condition and embraced the idea of "natural rights" like life liberty & pursuit of happiness. Thomas Jefferson and Benjamin Franklin.
221
Deism
The belief that God created the Universe and allows it operate according to the Laws of Nature. Benjamin Franklin, Thomas Jefferson
222
The 1st Great Awakening
A wave of religious movements that took place in the 1730s & 40s.
223
Republicanism / Republican Government
Government based on the consent of the people.
224
Separation of Powers
Division of 3 branches of goverment into : Judicial, Legislative, Executive branches. Alexander Hamilton.
225
Checks & Balances
System that prevents any one branch of government from overpowering the other 2 branches.
226
Judicial Review
The Supreme Court can declare a law unconstitutional based on precedent set in Marbury v Madison.
227
American System
Set of proposals championed by Henry Clay designed to unify the nation and strengthen the economy. It included: protective tariffs, national bank and a "internal improvements".
228
Internal Improvements
A transportation system designed to unify the nation and increase economic growth.
229
Cult of Domesticity / Republican Motherhood
CoD: Refers to the the IDEAL role for women as wives and mothers.
RM: Is the IDEA that Wives and Mothers have a RESPONSIBILITY to raise the nation's children to be virtuous citizens of the new American Republic.
230
Trancendentalism
The philosophy that believes life should be simple and celebrate the truth found in nature. Famous TDs Henry David Thoreau & Ralph Waldo Emerson.
231
Perfectionism / Utopianism
Belief that society can be a utopia, communities based on COOPERATION & MUTUAL RESPECT.
232
2ND Great Awakening
1800-1830. A wave of religious enthusiasm -- famous for women pointing out the moral issues of slavery.
233
Jacksonian Democracy
Political movement that emphasized the greatness of the COMMON MAN, promoted universal WHITE MALE SUFFERAGE, NEPOTISM (appointment of political supporters to government positions), and opposition to PRIVILEDGED EASTERN ELITES.
234
Nullification
A LEGAL POSITION that a STATE may take against a Federal Laws -- deeming it unconstitutional at the state level -- and therefore not enforceable at the state level by the federal government..
235
Manifest Destiny
19th Century belief that the US would continue to expand westward to the Pacific Ocean.
236
Popular Sovereignty
Gives new states the right to decide whether or not it would be a slave or free state. The 1st great test was in Kansas.
237
Jim Crow Laws
US laws mandating racial segregation against African Americans from 1875 - 1965.
238
Social Gospel
19th Century reform movement.
Christians have responsibility to confront social problems.
ex: Poverty
239
Gospel of Wealth
The rich are the guardians of society's wealth
They have a duty to serve society in humane ways
Andrew Carnegie main advocate
240
Social Darwinism
Belief that there is a NATURAL EVOLUTIONARY PROCESS by which the FITTEST WILL SURVIVE
241
Frontier Thesis
Argument by Fredrick Jackson Turner that frontier experience helped make American society more democratic
242
New Immigrants
1880-1924: Massive wave of immigrants that came to America. From England, Germany, Scandinavia, Eastern & Southern Europe.
243
Nativism
Favoring the interests of Native Born People over those of Immigrants. the 'KNOW NOTHINGS' = 1st Nativist political party
244
Muckrakers
Early 20th Century Journalists who exposed illegal business practices, social injustices, & corrupt urban political "bosses".
245
Taylorism
System of scientific management developme by Fredrick W. Taylor. Sought to develop a disciplined labor force by eliminating wasted MOTION.
246
Vertical Integration
Happens when a company controls PRODUCTION & DISTRIBUTION of its PRODUCTS
247
Horizontal Integration
Happens when one company gains control over other companies that produce the same product.
248
Hoovervilles
Slums (shanty towns) inhabited by homeless people during the Great Depression
249
Laissez Faire Economics
Economic philosophy
| Economic activities should be free of Government interference, regulations, restraint
250
Isolationism
US Foreign Policy
Called for Americans to avoid entangling political alliances
ex: Neutrality Acts of the 1930s
251
Containment
US Cold War foreign policy designed to contain or block the spread of Soviet political influence
252
McCarthyism
Making public accusations of disloyalty (traitor"ism") without any supporting evidence (witch hunt)
Sen. McCarthy claimed Communists had infiltrated US government agencies causing an outbreak of national paranoia.
253
Domino Theory
Political belief that if one country falls to Communism then its neighbors will also fall to Communism
254
Massive Retaliation
Military doctrine by President Eisenhower's Secretary of State John Foster Dulles that, in the event of an attack by a hostile power, the US would retaliate with massive force including nuclear weapons.
255
Black Power
1960s political movement by African Americans
Establishes control over their political and economic lives.
Key advocates: Macolm X, Stokely Carmichael, Huey Newton.
256
Hawks & Doves
Hawks: supported US involvement in Vietnam War
Believed US force increases to win war
Doves: opposed Vietnam War
Believed US forces should be withdrawn
257
Détente
Relaxation of tensions between US & USSR
Introduced by Secretary of State Henry Kissinger & President Richard Nixon
Ex: SALT - Strategic Arms Limitation Talks
Expanded trade with the USSR
President Nixon's trips to China & Russia
258
Reaganomics
Economic policies of President Ronald Reagan
Supply Side Economics to stimulate economy
Deregulation of Businesses, Reducing Corporate Tax Rates, Lowering Federal Tax rates for Upper & Middle income Americans
259
Mercantilism
An economic policy used by Great Britain in the 17th / 18th century in which GB gained power and wealth by having the colonies send GB large amounts of gold and silver AND creating a FAVORABLE balance of trade with the colonies (in other words the colonies didn't get much in return from GB).
260
Half-Way Covenant
Puritans allowed the baptism of children of already baptized but NON-CONVERTED Puritans.
261
Enlightenment
An 18th century philosophy that stated that reason could be used to improve the human condition and embraced the idea of "natural rights" like life liberty & pursuit of happiness. Thomas Jefferson and Benjamin Franklin.
262
Deism
The belief that God created the Universe and allows it operate according to the Laws of Nature. Benjamin Franklin, Thomas Jefferson
263
The 1st Great Awakening
A wave of religious movements that took place in the 1730s & 40s.
264
Republicanism / Republican Government
Government based on the consent of the people.
265
Separation of Powers
Division of 3 branches of goverment into : Judicial, Legislative, Executive branches. Alexander Hamilton.
266
Checks & Balances
System that prevents any one branch of government from overpowering the other 2 branches.
267
Judicial Review
The Supreme Court can declare a law unconstitutional based on precedent set in Marbury v Madison.
268
American System
Set of proposals championed by Henry Clay designed to unify the nation and strengthen the economy. It included: protective tariffs, national bank and a "internal improvements".
269
Internal Improvements
A transportation system designed to unify the nation and increase economic growth.
270
Cult of Domesticity / Republican Motherhood
CoD: Refers to the the IDEAL role for women as wives and mothers.
RM: Is the IDEA that Wives and Mothers have a RESPONSIBILITY to raise the nation's children to be virtuous citizens of the new American Republic.
271
Trancendentalism
The philosophy that believes life should be simple and celebrate the truth found in nature. Famous TDs Henry David Thoreau & Ralph Waldo Emerson.
272
Perfectionism / Utopianism
Belief that society can be a utopia, communities based on COOPERATION & MUTUAL RESPECT.
273
2ND Great Awakening
1800-1830. A wave of religious enthusiasm -- famous for women pointing out the moral issues of slavery.
274
Jacksonian Democracy
Political movement that emphasized the greatness of the COMMON MAN, promoted universal WHITE MALE SUFFERAGE, NEPOTISM (appointment of political supporters to government positions), and opposition to PRIVILEDGED EASTERN ELITES.
275
Nullification
A LEGAL POSITION that a STATE may take against a Federal Laws -- deeming it unconstitutional at the state level -- and therefore not enforceable at the state level by the federal government..
276
Manifest Destiny
19th Century belief that the US would continue to expand westward to the Pacific Ocean.
277
Popular Sovereignty
Gives new states the right to decide whether or not it would be a slave or free state. The 1st great test was in Kansas.
278
Jim Crow Laws
US laws mandating racial segregation against African Americans from 1875 - 1965.
279
Social Gospel
19th Century reform movement.
Christians have responsibility to confront social problems.
ex: Poverty
280
Gospel of Wealth
The rich are the guardians of society's wealth
They have a duty to serve society in humane ways
Andrew Carnegie main advocate
281
Social Darwinism
Belief that there is a NATURAL EVOLUTIONARY PROCESS by which the FITTEST WILL SURVIVE
282
Frontier Thesis
Argument by Fredrick Jackson Turner that frontier experience helped make American society more democratic
283
New Immigrants
1880-1924: Massive wave of immigrants that came to America. From England, Germany, Scandinavia, Eastern & Southern Europe.
284
Nativism
Favoring the interests of Native Born People over those of Immigrants. the 'KNOW NOTHINGS' = 1st Nativist political party
285
Muckrakers
Early 20th Century Journalists who exposed illegal business practices, social injustices, & corrupt urban political "bosses".
286
Taylorism
System of scientific management developme by Fredrick W. Taylor. Sought to develop a disciplined labor force by eliminating wasted MOTION.
287
Vertical Integration
Happens when a company controls PRODUCTION & DISTRIBUTION of its PRODUCTS
288
Horizontal Integration
Happens when one company gains control over other companies that produce the same product.
289
Hoovervilles
Slums (shanty towns) inhabited by homeless people during the Great Depression
290
Laissez Faire Economics
Economic philosophy
| Economic activities should be free of Government interference, regulations, restraint
291
Isolationism
US Foreign Policy
Called for Americans to avoid entangling political alliances
ex: Neutrality Acts of the 1930s
292
Containment
US Cold War foreign policy designed to contain or block the spread of Soviet political influence
293
McCarthyism
Making public accusations of disloyalty (traitor"ism") without any supporting evidence (witch hunt)
Sen. McCarthy claimed Communists had infiltrated US government agencies causing an outbreak of national paranoia.
294
Domino Theory
Political belief that if one country falls to Communism then its neighbors will also fall to Communism
295
Massive Retaliation
Military doctrine by President Eisenhower's Secretary of State John Foster Dulles that, in the event of an attack by a hostile power, the US would retaliate with massive force including nuclear weapons.
296
Black Power
1960s political movement by African Americans
Establishes control over their political and economic lives.
Key advocates: Macolm X, Stokely Carmichael, Huey Newton.
297
Hawks & Doves
Hawks: supported US involvement in Vietnam War
Believed US force increases to win war
Doves: opposed Vietnam War
Believed US forces should be withdrawn
298
Détente
Relaxation of tensions between US & USSR
Introduced by Secretary of State Henry Kissinger & President Richard Nixon
Ex: SALT - Strategic Arms Limitation Talks
Expanded trade with the USSR
President Nixon's trips to China & Russia
299
Reaganomics
Economic policies of President Ronald Reagan
Supply Side Economics to stimulate economy
Deregulation of Businesses, Reducing Corporate Tax Rates, Lowering Federal Tax rates for Upper & Middle income Americans
300
Mercantilism
An economic policy used by Great Britain in the 17th / 18th century in which GB gained power and wealth by having the colonies send GB large amounts of gold and silver AND creating a FAVORABLE balance of trade with the colonies (in other words the colonies didn't get much in return from GB).
301
Half-Way Covenant
Puritans allowed the baptism of children of already baptized but NON-CONVERTED Puritans.
302
Enlightenment
An 18th century philosophy that stated that reason could be used to improve the human condition and embraced the idea of "natural rights" like life liberty & pursuit of happiness. Thomas Jefferson and Benjamin Franklin.
303
Deism
The belief that God created the Universe and allows it operate according to the Laws of Nature. Benjamin Franklin, Thomas Jefferson
304
The 1st Great Awakening
A wave of religious movements that took place in the 1730s & 40s.
305
Republicanism / Republican Government
Government based on the consent of the people.
306
Separation of Powers
Division of 3 branches of goverment into : Judicial, Legislative, Executive branches. Alexander Hamilton.
307
Checks & Balances
System that prevents any one branch of government from overpowering the other 2 branches.
308
Judicial Review
The Supreme Court can declare a law unconstitutional based on precedent set in Marbury v Madison.
309
American System
Set of proposals championed by Henry Clay designed to unify the nation and strengthen the economy. It included: protective tariffs, national bank and a "internal improvements".
310
Internal Improvements
A transportation system designed to unify the nation and increase economic growth.
311
Cult of Domesticity / Republican Motherhood
CoD: Refers to the the IDEAL role for women as wives and mothers.
RM: Is the IDEA that Wives and Mothers have a RESPONSIBILITY to raise the nation's children to be virtuous citizens of the new American Republic.
312
Trancendentalism
The philosophy that believes life should be simple and celebrate the truth found in nature. Famous TDs Henry David Thoreau & Ralph Waldo Emerson.
313
Perfectionism / Utopianism
Belief that society can be a utopia, communities based on COOPERATION & MUTUAL RESPECT.
314
2ND Great Awakening
1800-1830. A wave of religious enthusiasm -- famous for women pointing out the moral issues of slavery.
315
Jacksonian Democracy
Political movement that emphasized the greatness of the COMMON MAN, promoted universal WHITE MALE SUFFERAGE, NEPOTISM (appointment of political supporters to government positions), and opposition to PRIVILEDGED EASTERN ELITES.
316
Nullification
A LEGAL POSITION that a STATE may take against a Federal Laws -- deeming it unconstitutional at the state level -- and therefore not enforceable at the state level by the federal government..
317
Manifest Destiny
19th Century belief that the US would continue to expand westward to the Pacific Ocean.
318
Popular Sovereignty
Gives new states the right to decide whether or not it would be a slave or free state. The 1st great test was in Kansas.
319
Jim Crow Laws
US laws mandating racial segregation against African Americans from 1875 - 1965.
320
Social Gospel
19th Century reform movement.
Christians have responsibility to confront social problems.
ex: Poverty
321
Gospel of Wealth
The rich are the guardians of society's wealth
They have a duty to serve society in humane ways
Andrew Carnegie main advocate
322
Social Darwinism
Belief that there is a NATURAL EVOLUTIONARY PROCESS by which the FITTEST WILL SURVIVE
323
Frontier Thesis
Argument by Fredrick Jackson Turner that frontier experience helped make American society more democratic
324
New Immigrants
1880-1924: Massive wave of immigrants that came to America. From England, Germany, Scandinavia, Eastern & Southern Europe.
325
Nativism
Favoring the interests of Native Born People over those of Immigrants. the 'KNOW NOTHINGS' = 1st Nativist political party
326
Muckrakers
Early 20th Century Journalists who exposed illegal business practices, social injustices, & corrupt urban political "bosses".
327
Taylorism
System of scientific management developme by Fredrick W. Taylor. Sought to develop a disciplined labor force by eliminating wasted MOTION.
328
Vertical Integration
Happens when a company controls PRODUCTION & DISTRIBUTION of its PRODUCTS
329
Horizontal Integration
Happens when one company gains control over other companies that produce the same product.
330
Hoovervilles
Slums (shanty towns) inhabited by homeless people during the Great Depression
331
Laissez Faire Economics
Economic philosophy
| Economic activities should be free of Government interference, regulations, restraint
332
Isolationism
US Foreign Policy
Called for Americans to avoid entangling political alliances
ex: Neutrality Acts of the 1930s
333
Containment
US Cold War foreign policy designed to contain or block the spread of Soviet political influence
334
McCarthyism
Making public accusations of disloyalty (traitor"ism") without any supporting evidence (witch hunt)
Sen. McCarthy claimed Communists had infiltrated US government agencies causing an outbreak of national paranoia.
335
Domino Theory
Political belief that if one country falls to Communism then its neighbors will also fall to Communism
336
Massive Retaliation
Military doctrine by President Eisenhower's Secretary of State John Foster Dulles that, in the event of an attack by a hostile power, the US would retaliate with massive force including nuclear weapons.
337
Black Power
1960s political movement by African Americans
Establishes control over their political and economic lives.
Key advocates: Macolm X, Stokely Carmichael, Huey Newton.
338
Hawks & Doves
Hawks: supported US involvement in Vietnam War
Believed US force increases to win war
Doves: opposed Vietnam War
Believed US forces should be withdrawn
339
Détente
Relaxation of tensions between US & USSR
Introduced by Secretary of State Henry Kissinger & President Richard Nixon
Ex: SALT - Strategic Arms Limitation Talks
Expanded trade with the USSR
President Nixon's trips to China & Russia
340
Reaganomics
Economic policies of President Ronald Reagan
Supply Side Economics to stimulate economy
Deregulation of Businesses, Reducing Corporate Tax Rates, Lowering Federal Tax rates for Upper & Middle income Americans
341
Mercantilism
An economic policy used by Great Britain in the 17th / 18th century in which GB gained power and wealth by having the colonies send GB large amounts of gold and silver AND creating a FAVORABLE balance of trade with the colonies (in other words the colonies didn't get much in return from GB).
342
Half-Way Covenant
Puritans allowed the baptism of children of already baptized but NON-CONVERTED Puritans.
343
Enlightenment
An 18th century philosophy that stated that reason could be used to improve the human condition and embraced the idea of "natural rights" like life liberty & pursuit of happiness. Thomas Jefferson and Benjamin Franklin.
344
Deism
The belief that God created the Universe and allows it operate according to the Laws of Nature. Benjamin Franklin, Thomas Jefferson
345
The 1st Great Awakening
A wave of religious movements that took place in the 1730s & 40s.
346
Republicanism / Republican Government
Government based on the consent of the people.
347
Separation of Powers
Division of 3 branches of goverment into : Judicial, Legislative, Executive branches. Alexander Hamilton.
348
Checks & Balances
System that prevents any one branch of government from overpowering the other 2 branches.
349
Judicial Review
The Supreme Court can declare a law unconstitutional based on precedent set in Marbury v Madison.
350
American System
Set of proposals championed by Henry Clay designed to unify the nation and strengthen the economy. It included: protective tariffs, national bank and a "internal improvements".
351
Internal Improvements
A transportation system designed to unify the nation and increase economic growth.
352
Cult of Domesticity / Republican Motherhood
CoD: Refers to the the IDEAL role for women as wives and mothers.
RM: Is the IDEA that Wives and Mothers have a RESPONSIBILITY to raise the nation's children to be virtuous citizens of the new American Republic.
353
Trancendentalism
The philosophy that believes life should be simple and celebrate the truth found in nature. Famous TDs Henry David Thoreau & Ralph Waldo Emerson.
354
Perfectionism / Utopianism
Belief that society can be a utopia, communities based on COOPERATION & MUTUAL RESPECT.
355
2ND Great Awakening
1800-1830. A wave of religious enthusiasm -- famous for women pointing out the moral issues of slavery.
356
Jacksonian Democracy
Political movement that emphasized the greatness of the COMMON MAN, promoted universal WHITE MALE SUFFERAGE, NEPOTISM (appointment of political supporters to government positions), and opposition to PRIVILEDGED EASTERN ELITES.
357
Nullification
A LEGAL POSITION that a STATE may take against a Federal Laws -- deeming it unconstitutional at the state level -- and therefore not enforceable at the state level by the federal government..
358
Manifest Destiny
19th Century belief that the US would continue to expand westward to the Pacific Ocean.
359
Popular Sovereignty
Gives new states the right to decide whether or not it would be a slave or free state. The 1st great test was in Kansas.
360
Jim Crow Laws
US laws mandating racial segregation against African Americans from 1875 - 1965.
361
Social Gospel
19th Century reform movement.
Christians have responsibility to confront social problems.
ex: Poverty
362
Gospel of Wealth
The rich are the guardians of society's wealth
They have a duty to serve society in humane ways
Andrew Carnegie main advocate
363
Social Darwinism
Belief that there is a NATURAL EVOLUTIONARY PROCESS by which the FITTEST WILL SURVIVE
364
Frontier Thesis
Argument by Fredrick Jackson Turner that frontier experience helped make American society more democratic
365
New Immigrants
1880-1924: Massive wave of immigrants that came to America. From England, Germany, Scandinavia, Eastern & Southern Europe.
366
Nativism
Favoring the interests of Native Born People over those of Immigrants. the 'KNOW NOTHINGS' = 1st Nativist political party
367
Muckrakers
Early 20th Century Journalists who exposed illegal business practices, social injustices, & corrupt urban political "bosses".
368
Taylorism
System of scientific management developme by Fredrick W. Taylor. Sought to develop a disciplined labor force by eliminating wasted MOTION.
369
Vertical Integration
Happens when a company controls PRODUCTION & DISTRIBUTION of its PRODUCTS
370
Horizontal Integration
Happens when one company gains control over other companies that produce the same product.
371
Hoovervilles
Slums (shanty towns) inhabited by homeless people during the Great Depression
372
Laissez Faire Economics
Economic philosophy
| Economic activities should be free of Government interference, regulations, restraint
373
Isolationism
US Foreign Policy
Called for Americans to avoid entangling political alliances
ex: Neutrality Acts of the 1930s
374
Containment
US Cold War foreign policy designed to contain or block the spread of Soviet political influence
375
McCarthyism
Making public accusations of disloyalty (traitor"ism") without any supporting evidence (witch hunt)
Sen. McCarthy claimed Communists had infiltrated US government agencies causing an outbreak of national paranoia.
376
Domino Theory
Political belief that if one country falls to Communism then its neighbors will also fall to Communism
377
Massive Retaliation
Military doctrine by President Eisenhower's Secretary of State John Foster Dulles that, in the event of an attack by a hostile power, the US would retaliate with massive force including nuclear weapons.
378
Black Power
1960s political movement by African Americans
Establishes control over their political and economic lives.
Key advocates: Macolm X, Stokely Carmichael, Huey Newton.
379
Hawks & Doves
Hawks: supported US involvement in Vietnam War
Believed US force increases to win war
Doves: opposed Vietnam War
Believed US forces should be withdrawn
380
Détente
Relaxation of tensions between US & USSR
Introduced by Secretary of State Henry Kissinger & President Richard Nixon
Ex: SALT - Strategic Arms Limitation Talks
Expanded trade with the USSR
President Nixon's trips to China & Russia
381
Reaganomics
Economic policies of President Ronald Reagan
Supply Side Economics to stimulate economy
Deregulation of Businesses, Reducing Corporate Tax Rates, Lowering Federal Tax rates for Upper & Middle income Americans
382
Mercantilism
An economic policy used by Great Britain in the 17th / 18th century in which GB gained power and wealth by having the colonies send GB large amounts of gold and silver AND creating a FAVORABLE balance of trade with the colonies (in other words the colonies didn't get much in return from GB).
383
Half-Way Covenant
Puritans allowed the baptism of children of already baptized but NON-CONVERTED Puritans.
384
Enlightenment
An 18th century philosophy that stated that reason could be used to improve the human condition and embraced the idea of "natural rights" like life liberty & pursuit of happiness. Thomas Jefferson and Benjamin Franklin.
385
Deism
The belief that God created the Universe and allows it operate according to the Laws of Nature. Benjamin Franklin, Thomas Jefferson
386
The 1st Great Awakening
A wave of religious movements that took place in the 1730s & 40s.
387
Republicanism / Republican Government
Government based on the consent of the people.
388
Separation of Powers
Division of 3 branches of goverment into : Judicial, Legislative, Executive branches. Alexander Hamilton.
389
Checks & Balances
System that prevents any one branch of government from overpowering the other 2 branches.
390
Judicial Review
The Supreme Court can declare a law unconstitutional based on precedent set in Marbury v Madison.
391
American System
Set of proposals championed by Henry Clay designed to unify the nation and strengthen the economy. It included: protective tariffs, national bank and a "internal improvements".
392
Internal Improvements
A transportation system designed to unify the nation and increase economic growth.
393
Cult of Domesticity / Republican Motherhood
CoD: Refers to the the IDEAL role for women as wives and mothers.
RM: Is the IDEA that Wives and Mothers have a RESPONSIBILITY to raise the nation's children to be virtuous citizens of the new American Republic.
394
Trancendentalism
The philosophy that believes life should be simple and celebrate the truth found in nature. Famous TDs Henry David Thoreau & Ralph Waldo Emerson.
395
Perfectionism / Utopianism
Belief that society can be a utopia, communities based on COOPERATION & MUTUAL RESPECT.
396
2ND Great Awakening
1800-1830. A wave of religious enthusiasm -- famous for women pointing out the moral issues of slavery.
397
Jacksonian Democracy
Political movement that emphasized the greatness of the COMMON MAN, promoted universal WHITE MALE SUFFERAGE, NEPOTISM (appointment of political supporters to government positions), and opposition to PRIVILEDGED EASTERN ELITES.
398
Nullification
A LEGAL POSITION that a STATE may take against a Federal Laws -- deeming it unconstitutional at the state level -- and therefore not enforceable at the state level by the federal government..
399
Manifest Destiny
19th Century belief that the US would continue to expand westward to the Pacific Ocean.
400
Popular Sovereignty
Gives new states the right to decide whether or not it would be a slave or free state. The 1st great test was in Kansas.
401
Jim Crow Laws
US laws mandating racial segregation against African Americans from 1875 - 1965.
402
Social Gospel
19th Century reform movement.
Christians have responsibility to confront social problems.
ex: Poverty
403
Gospel of Wealth
The rich are the guardians of society's wealth
They have a duty to serve society in humane ways
Andrew Carnegie main advocate
404
Social Darwinism
Belief that there is a NATURAL EVOLUTIONARY PROCESS by which the FITTEST WILL SURVIVE
405
Frontier Thesis
Argument by Fredrick Jackson Turner that frontier experience helped make American society more democratic
406
New Immigrants
1880-1924: Massive wave of immigrants that came to America. From England, Germany, Scandinavia, Eastern & Southern Europe.
407
Nativism
Favoring the interests of Native Born People over those of Immigrants. the 'KNOW NOTHINGS' = 1st Nativist political party
408
Muckrakers
Early 20th Century Journalists who exposed illegal business practices, social injustices, & corrupt urban political "bosses".
409
Taylorism
System of scientific management developme by Fredrick W. Taylor. Sought to develop a disciplined labor force by eliminating wasted MOTION.
410
Vertical Integration
Happens when a company controls PRODUCTION & DISTRIBUTION of its PRODUCTS
411
Horizontal Integration
Happens when one company gains control over other companies that produce the same product.
412
Hoovervilles
Slums (shanty towns) inhabited by homeless people during the Great Depression
413
Laissez Faire Economics
Economic philosophy
| Economic activities should be free of Government interference, regulations, restraint
414
Isolationism
US Foreign Policy
Called for Americans to avoid entangling political alliances
ex: Neutrality Acts of the 1930s
415
Containment
US Cold War foreign policy designed to contain or block the spread of Soviet political influence
416
McCarthyism
Making public accusations of disloyalty (traitor"ism") without any supporting evidence (witch hunt)
Sen. McCarthy claimed Communists had infiltrated US government agencies causing an outbreak of national paranoia.
417
Domino Theory
Political belief that if one country falls to Communism then its neighbors will also fall to Communism
418
Massive Retaliation
Military doctrine by President Eisenhower's Secretary of State John Foster Dulles that, in the event of an attack by a hostile power, the US would retaliate with massive force including nuclear weapons.
419
Black Power
1960s political movement by African Americans
Establishes control over their political and economic lives.
Key advocates: Macolm X, Stokely Carmichael, Huey Newton.
420
Hawks & Doves
Hawks: supported US involvement in Vietnam War
Believed US force increases to win war
Doves: opposed Vietnam War
Believed US forces should be withdrawn
421
Détente
Relaxation of tensions between US & USSR
Introduced by Secretary of State Henry Kissinger & President Richard Nixon
Ex: SALT - Strategic Arms Limitation Talks
Expanded trade with the USSR
President Nixon's trips to China & Russia
422
Reaganomics
Economic policies of President Ronald Reagan
Supply Side Economics to stimulate economy
Deregulation of Businesses, Reducing Corporate Tax Rates, Lowering Federal Tax rates for Upper & Middle income Americans
423
Mercantilism
An economic policy used by Great Britain in the 17th / 18th century in which GB gained power and wealth by having the colonies send GB large amounts of gold and silver AND creating a FAVORABLE balance of trade with the colonies (in other words the colonies didn't get much in return from GB).
424
Half-Way Covenant
Puritans allowed the baptism of children of already baptized but NON-CONVERTED Puritans.
425
Enlightenment
An 18th century philosophy that stated that reason could be used to improve the human condition and embraced the idea of "natural rights" like life liberty & pursuit of happiness. Thomas Jefferson and Benjamin Franklin.
426
Deism
The belief that God created the Universe and allows it operate according to the Laws of Nature. Benjamin Franklin, Thomas Jefferson
427
The 1st Great Awakening
A wave of religious movements that took place in the 1730s & 40s.
428
Republicanism / Republican Government
Government based on the consent of the people.
429
Separation of Powers
Division of 3 branches of goverment into : Judicial, Legislative, Executive branches. Alexander Hamilton.
430
Checks & Balances
System that prevents any one branch of government from overpowering the other 2 branches.
431
Judicial Review
The Supreme Court can declare a law unconstitutional based on precedent set in Marbury v Madison.
432
American System
Set of proposals championed by Henry Clay designed to unify the nation and strengthen the economy. It included: protective tariffs, national bank and a "internal improvements".
433
Internal Improvements
A transportation system designed to unify the nation and increase economic growth.
434
Cult of Domesticity / Republican Motherhood
CoD: Refers to the the IDEAL role for women as wives and mothers.
RM: Is the IDEA that Wives and Mothers have a RESPONSIBILITY to raise the nation's children to be virtuous citizens of the new American Republic.
435
Trancendentalism
The philosophy that believes life should be simple and celebrate the truth found in nature. Famous TDs Henry David Thoreau & Ralph Waldo Emerson.
436
Perfectionism / Utopianism
Belief that society can be a utopia, communities based on COOPERATION & MUTUAL RESPECT.
437
2ND Great Awakening
1800-1830. A wave of religious enthusiasm -- famous for women pointing out the moral issues of slavery.
438
Jacksonian Democracy
Political movement that emphasized the greatness of the COMMON MAN, promoted universal WHITE MALE SUFFERAGE, NEPOTISM (appointment of political supporters to government positions), and opposition to PRIVILEDGED EASTERN ELITES.
439
Nullification
A LEGAL POSITION that a STATE may take against a Federal Laws -- deeming it unconstitutional at the state level -- and therefore not enforceable at the state level by the federal government..
440
Manifest Destiny
19th Century belief that the US would continue to expand westward to the Pacific Ocean.
441
Popular Sovereignty
Gives new states the right to decide whether or not it would be a slave or free state. The 1st great test was in Kansas.
442
Jim Crow Laws
US laws mandating racial segregation against African Americans from 1875 - 1965.
443
Social Gospel
19th Century reform movement.
Christians have responsibility to confront social problems.
ex: Poverty
444
Gospel of Wealth
The rich are the guardians of society's wealth
They have a duty to serve society in humane ways
Andrew Carnegie main advocate
445
Social Darwinism
Belief that there is a NATURAL EVOLUTIONARY PROCESS by which the FITTEST WILL SURVIVE
446
Frontier Thesis
Argument by Fredrick Jackson Turner that frontier experience helped make American society more democratic
447
New Immigrants
1880-1924: Massive wave of immigrants that came to America. From England, Germany, Scandinavia, Eastern & Southern Europe.
448
Nativism
Favoring the interests of Native Born People over those of Immigrants. the 'KNOW NOTHINGS' = 1st Nativist political party
449
Muckrakers
Early 20th Century Journalists who exposed illegal business practices, social injustices, & corrupt urban political "bosses".
450
Taylorism
System of scientific management developme by Fredrick W. Taylor. Sought to develop a disciplined labor force by eliminating wasted MOTION.
451
Vertical Integration
Happens when a company controls PRODUCTION & DISTRIBUTION of its PRODUCTS
452
Horizontal Integration
Happens when one company gains control over other companies that produce the same product.
453
Hoovervilles
Slums (shanty towns) inhabited by homeless people during the Great Depression
454
Laissez Faire Economics
Economic philosophy
| Economic activities should be free of Government interference, regulations, restraint
455
Isolationism
US Foreign Policy
Called for Americans to avoid entangling political alliances
ex: Neutrality Acts of the 1930s
456
Containment
US Cold War foreign policy designed to contain or block the spread of Soviet political influence
457
McCarthyism
Making public accusations of disloyalty (traitor"ism") without any supporting evidence (witch hunt)
Sen. McCarthy claimed Communists had infiltrated US government agencies causing an outbreak of national paranoia.
458
Domino Theory
Political belief that if one country falls to Communism then its neighbors will also fall to Communism
459
Massive Retaliation
Military doctrine by President Eisenhower's Secretary of State John Foster Dulles that, in the event of an attack by a hostile power, the US would retaliate with massive force including nuclear weapons.
460
Black Power
1960s political movement by African Americans
Establishes control over their political and economic lives.
Key advocates: Macolm X, Stokely Carmichael, Huey Newton.
461
Hawks & Doves
Hawks: supported US involvement in Vietnam War
Believed US force increases to win war
Doves: opposed Vietnam War
Believed US forces should be withdrawn
462
Détente
Relaxation of tensions between US & USSR
Introduced by Secretary of State Henry Kissinger & President Richard Nixon
Ex: SALT - Strategic Arms Limitation Talks
Expanded trade with the USSR
President Nixon's trips to China & Russia
463
Reaganomics
Economic policies of President Ronald Reagan
Supply Side Economics to stimulate economy
Deregulation of Businesses, Reducing Corporate Tax Rates, Lowering Federal Tax rates for Upper & Middle income Americans
464
Mercantilism
An economic policy used by Great Britain in the 17th / 18th century in which GB gained power and wealth by having the colonies send GB large amounts of gold and silver AND creating a FAVORABLE balance of trade with the colonies (in other words the colonies didn't get much in return from GB).
465
Half-Way Covenant
Puritans allowed the baptism of children of already baptized but NON-CONVERTED Puritans.
466
Enlightenment
An 18th century philosophy that stated that reason could be used to improve the human condition and embraced the idea of "natural rights" like life liberty & pursuit of happiness. Thomas Jefferson and Benjamin Franklin.
467
Deism
The belief that God created the Universe and allows it operate according to the Laws of Nature. Benjamin Franklin, Thomas Jefferson
468
The 1st Great Awakening
A wave of religious movements that took place in the 1730s & 40s.
469
Republicanism / Republican Government
Government based on the consent of the people.
470
Separation of Powers
Division of 3 branches of goverment into : Judicial, Legislative, Executive branches. Alexander Hamilton.
471
Checks & Balances
System that prevents any one branch of government from overpowering the other 2 branches.
472
Judicial Review
The Supreme Court can declare a law unconstitutional based on precedent set in Marbury v Madison.
473
American System
Set of proposals championed by Henry Clay designed to unify the nation and strengthen the economy. It included: protective tariffs, national bank and a "internal improvements".
474
Internal Improvements
A transportation system designed to unify the nation and increase economic growth.
475
Cult of Domesticity / Republican Motherhood
CoD: Refers to the the IDEAL role for women as wives and mothers.
RM: Is the IDEA that Wives and Mothers have a RESPONSIBILITY to raise the nation's children to be virtuous citizens of the new American Republic.
476
Trancendentalism
The philosophy that believes life should be simple and celebrate the truth found in nature. Famous TDs Henry David Thoreau & Ralph Waldo Emerson.
477
Perfectionism / Utopianism
Belief that society can be a utopia, communities based on COOPERATION & MUTUAL RESPECT.
478
2ND Great Awakening
1800-1830. A wave of religious enthusiasm -- famous for women pointing out the moral issues of slavery.
479
Jacksonian Democracy
Political movement that emphasized the greatness of the COMMON MAN, promoted universal WHITE MALE SUFFERAGE, NEPOTISM (appointment of political supporters to government positions), and opposition to PRIVILEDGED EASTERN ELITES.
480
Nullification
A LEGAL POSITION that a STATE may take against a Federal Laws -- deeming it unconstitutional at the state level -- and therefore not enforceable at the state level by the federal government..
481
Manifest Destiny
19th Century belief that the US would continue to expand westward to the Pacific Ocean.
482
Popular Sovereignty
Gives new states the right to decide whether or not it would be a slave or free state. The 1st great test was in Kansas.
483
Jim Crow Laws
US laws mandating racial segregation against African Americans from 1875 - 1965.
484
Social Gospel
19th Century reform movement.
Christians have responsibility to confront social problems.
ex: Poverty
485
Gospel of Wealth
The rich are the guardians of society's wealth
They have a duty to serve society in humane ways
Andrew Carnegie main advocate
486
Social Darwinism
Belief that there is a NATURAL EVOLUTIONARY PROCESS by which the FITTEST WILL SURVIVE
487
Frontier Thesis
Argument by Fredrick Jackson Turner that frontier experience helped make American society more democratic
488
New Immigrants
1880-1924: Massive wave of immigrants that came to America. From England, Germany, Scandinavia, Eastern & Southern Europe.
489
Nativism
Favoring the interests of Native Born People over those of Immigrants. the 'KNOW NOTHINGS' = 1st Nativist political party
490
Muckrakers
Early 20th Century Journalists who exposed illegal business practices, social injustices, & corrupt urban political "bosses".
491
Taylorism
System of scientific management developme by Fredrick W. Taylor. Sought to develop a disciplined labor force by eliminating wasted MOTION.
492
Vertical Integration
Happens when a company controls PRODUCTION & DISTRIBUTION of its PRODUCTS
493
Horizontal Integration
Happens when one company gains control over other companies that produce the same product.
494
Hoovervilles
Slums (shanty towns) inhabited by homeless people during the Great Depression
495
Laissez Faire Economics
Economic philosophy
| Economic activities should be free of Government interference, regulations, restraint
496
Isolationism
US Foreign Policy
Called for Americans to avoid entangling political alliances
ex: Neutrality Acts of the 1930s
497
Containment
US Cold War foreign policy designed to contain or block the spread of Soviet political influence
498
McCarthyism
Making public accusations of disloyalty (traitor"ism") without any supporting evidence (witch hunt)
Sen. McCarthy claimed Communists had infiltrated US government agencies causing an outbreak of national paranoia.
499
Domino Theory
Political belief that if one country falls to Communism then its neighbors will also fall to Communism
500
Massive Retaliation
Military doctrine by President Eisenhower's Secretary of State John Foster Dulles that, in the event of an attack by a hostile power, the US would retaliate with massive force including nuclear weapons.
501
Black Power
1960s political movement by African Americans
Establishes control over their political and economic lives.
Key advocates: Macolm X, Stokely Carmichael, Huey Newton.
502
Hawks & Doves
Hawks: supported US involvement in Vietnam War
Believed US force increases to win war
Doves: opposed Vietnam War
Believed US forces should be withdrawn
503
Détente
Relaxation of tensions between US & USSR
Introduced by Secretary of State Henry Kissinger & President Richard Nixon
Ex: SALT - Strategic Arms Limitation Talks
Expanded trade with the USSR
President Nixon's trips to China & Russia
504
Reaganomics
Economic policies of President Ronald Reagan
Supply Side Economics to stimulate economy
Deregulation of Businesses, Reducing Corporate Tax Rates, Lowering Federal Tax rates for Upper & Middle income Americans
