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Grade 10 Biology > Key Terms Chapter 1 - Cells And More Cells > Flashcards

Key Terms Chapter 1 - Cells And More Cells Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Cell

A

Smallest unit that can perform basic functions of life

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2
Q

Nucleus

A

Organelle that controls the cell’s activities

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3
Q

Organelle

A

Specialized structure in a cell

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4
Q

Cytoplasm

A

Cytosol and organelles contained by the cell membrane

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5
Q

Chromosome

A

Located in cell nucleus, thread-like structure made of DNA

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6
Q

DNA

A

Material found in cell nucleus that contains genetic information

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7
Q

Gene

A

Segment of DNA controls protein production

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8
Q

Mutation

A

Change in DNA of organism

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9
Q

Mutagen

A

A substance/factor that can cause mutation in DNA

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10
Q

Cell division

A

Process by which a cell divides to create two daughter cells

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11
Q

Mitosis

A

Process by which the duplicated contents of the nucleus divide into two equal parts

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12
Q

Cytokinesis

A

Following mitosis, separation of two nuclei and cell contents into two daughter cells

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13
Q

DNA replication

A

Process where DNA is copied, creating sister chromatids joined at the centromere

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14
Q

Prophase

A

First phase, sister chromatids condense and chromosomes become visible

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15
Q

Metaphase

A

Second phase, chromosomes are aligned across the centre of the cell

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16
Q

Anaphase

A

Third phase, centromere splits apart, chromatids are pulled to opposite sides of the cell by the spindle fibres

17
Q

Telophase

A

Last phase, two daughter nuclei are formed

18
Q

Cell plate

A

Structure that helps form cell wall in plant cell cytokinesis

19
Q

Interphase

A

Periods of growth in life of cell; consists of two growth stages and a stage of DNA replication

20
Q

Cell cycle

A

Continuous sequence of cell growth and division

21
Q

Cell cycle checkpoints

A

Point in life of cell when proteins determine whether cell division should/not occur

22
Q

Tumour

A

Abnormal clump/group of cells

23
Q

Cancer

A

Cells with abnormal genetic material that are dividing uncontrollably and can spread to other body parts

Grade 10 Biology (6 decks)

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