Key Terms And Definations Flashcards
Chorionic villi
Tiny vascular protrusions on the chorionic surface that project into the maternal blood sinuses of the uterus and that help form the placenta and secrete human chorionic gonadotropin.
Blastocyte
Stage in development of a mammalian Embro, occurring after the morula stage, that consist of an outer layer, or trophoblast, and a hollow ball of cells enclosing a cavity
Chromosome
Elements within the cell nucleus carrying genes and composed of deoxyribonucleic acids and proteins.
Conception
Union of the sperm and ovum resulting in fertilization; formation of the one spelled zygote.
Decidua basalis
Maternal aspect of the placenta made up of uterine blood vessels, endometrial stroma, and glands that shed the lochial discharge after birth.
Embryo
Conceptus from day 15 of development until approximately eight weeks after conception.
Fertilization
Union of an ovum and a sperm.
Fetal membranes
Amnion and chorion surrounding the fetus.
Fetus
Developing human in utero from approximately the ninth week after conception until birth.
Gamete
Mature female or male germ cell; the mature sperm or ovum.
Genetics
Study of single gene or genes sequences and their effects on living organisms.
Genome
Complete copy of genetic material in an organism
Genomics
Study of the entire DNA structure of all of an organisms genes, including functions and interactions of genes.
Implantation
Embedding of the fertilized ovum in the underline mucosa,; nidation.
Karyotype
Schematic arrangements of the chromosomes within a cell to demonstrate their number and morphological features.
Lanugo
Very fine hairs that appear first at 12 weeks and by 20 weeks cover the entire body of the fetus.
Meiosis
Process by which germ cells divide and decrease their chromosomal numbers by one half.
Mitosis
Process of somatic cell division in which a single cell divides, but both of the new cells have the same number of chromosomes as the first.
Monosomy
Chromosomal aberration characterized by the absence of one chromosome from the normal diploid complement.
Morula
Developmental stage of the fertilized ovum characterized by a mass of cells resembling a mulberry.
Mosaicism
Condition in which some somatic cells are normal, whereas others show chromosomal aberrations.
Nutrigenetics
Study of the effects of genetic variations on diet and health with the implications for susceptible subgroups.
Nutrigenomics
Study of the effects of nutrients on health through alteration of Genome, proteome and metabolome and noting change in physiologic features that result.
