Key Terms And Concepts

Question 1

Allusion

Answer 1

Brief reference to a person, event, or place, real or fictions, or to a work of art

Let both sides unite to heed in all corners of the earth the command of Isaiah.

Question 2

Alliteration

Answer 2

Repetition of the same sound beginning several words in sequence

Let us go for to lead the land we love

Question 3

Anadiplosis

Answer 3

It refers to the repetition of a word or words in successive clauses in such a way that the second clause starts with the same word which marks the end of the previous clause.

When I give, I give myself

Question 4

Anaphora

Answer 4

In writing or speech, the deliberate repetition of the first part of the sentence in order to achieve an artistic effect is known as Anaphora.

“Every day, every night, in every way, I am getting better and better”

Question 5

Anastrophe

Answer 5

The inversion of the order of words or clauses

United there is little we cannot do in a host of cooperative ventures. Divided there is little we can do.

Question 6

Antithesis

Answer 6

Opposition, or contrast, of ideas or words in a balanced or parallel construction

We shall support any friend, oppose any foe.

Question 7

Aphorism

Answer 7

Truth expressed in a concise, witty statement. Moral, philosophical, and literary principles.

Pride hath fall

Question 8

Asyndeton

Answer 8

Omission of conjunctions between coordinate phrases, clauses, or words

We shall pay any price, bear any burden, meet any hardship, support any friend, oppose any foe to assure the survival and success of liberty.

Question 9

Audience

Answer 9

The listener or reader

Question 10

Chiasmus

Answer 10

a rhetorical device in which two or more clauses are balanced against each other by the reversal of their structures in order to produce an artistic effect.

“Never let a Fool Kiss You or a Kiss Fool You.”

Question 11

Colloquial

Answer 11

(of language) used in ordinary or familiar conversation; not formal or literary.

Aggro, biz

Question 12

Connotation

Answer 12

Idea evoked additionally to the primary or literal

meaning

Question 13

Dialect

Answer 13

A particular form of a language that is peculiar to a specific region or social group

I.e. The novel was written in the dialect of Trinidad

Question 14

Ellipsis

Answer 14

The omission from speech or writing of (a) word(s) that are superfluous or able to be understand from the contextual clues

I wasn’t really . . . well, what I mean . . . see, the thing is . . . I didn’t mean it.

Question 15

Epistrophe

Answer 15

a stylistic device that can be defined as the repetition of phrases or words at the end of the clauses or sentences.

“The big sycamore by the creek was gone. The willow tangle was gone. The little enclave of untrodden bluegrass was gone. The clump of dogwood on the little rise across the creek–now that, too, was gone….”

Question 16

Ethos

Answer 16

Appeal to ethics i.e. Character or credibility

Question 17

Eulogy

Answer 17

a literary device that is a laudatory expression in a speech, or a written tribute to a person deceased recently. It expresses sorrow and lament of the deceased.

O Captain! my Captain! our fearful trip is done,
The ship has weather’d every rack, the prize we sought is won,
The port is near, the bells I hear, the people all exulting,
While follow eyes the steady keel, the vessel grim and daring;
But O heart! heart! heart!…

Question 18

Euphemism

Answer 18

polite, indirect expressions which replace words and phrases considered harsh and impolite or which suggest something unpleasant.
They are also idiomatic to refer something unpleasant.

“Royal wench!
She made great Caesar lay his sword to bed.
He plowed her, and she cropped.”

Question 19

Extended metaphor

Answer 19

a comparison between two unlike things that continues throughout a series of sentences in a paragraph or lines in a poem. It is often comprised of more than one sentence and sometimes consists of a full paragraph.

Question 20

Fallacy

Answer 20

An erroneous argument that has unsound evidence or illogical contention

“Well, Isaac Newton trusted in Alchemy, do you suppose you know more than Isaac Newton?”

Question 21

Hyperbole

Answer 21

An exaggerated figure of speech that is used for emphasis.

My grandma is old as the hills.

Question 22

Imagery

Answer 22

to use figurative language to represent objects, actions and ideas in such a way that it appeals to our physical senses.

Question 23

Jargon

Answer 23

Special words or expressions that are used by a particular profession or group and are difficult to understand by lay people.

Getting on a soapbox.

Question 24

Juxtaposition

Answer 24

Putting two things in close proximity to for a constrasting effect.

In Romeo and Juliet:
“O, she doth teach the torches to burn bright!
It seems she hangs upon the cheek of night
Like a rich jewel in an Ethiope’s ear;”

Question 25

Litote

Answer 25

Greek word meaning “simple”, is a figure of speech which employs an understatement by using double negatives or, in other words, positive statement is expressed by negating its opposite expressions.

Not too bad.

Question 26

Contrived

Answer 26

Deliberately created, arising unnaturally. Can also mean that it seems unrealistic and too artificial.

Question 27

Anachronism

Answer 27

A thing belonging to a specific period of time. Also includes the inaccurately attributing an object, custom, or event to a period it doesn’t belong to.

Question 28

Laudable

Answer 28

Deserving praise and commendation

Question 29

Credulous

Answer 29

Having or showing too great readiness to believe things.

Question 30

Discernible

Answer 30

Perceptible

Question 31

Speculative

Answer 31

engaged in, expressing, or based on conjecture rather than knowledge.

Disputable

Question 32

Pedantic

Answer 32

Of or relating to being a pedant.

Ostentatious in one’s learning.

Question 33

Didactic

Answer 33

Inclined to lecture

Question 34

Ambiguity

Answer 34

The quality of being open to multiple interpretations

Question 35

Ambivalent

Answer 35

Having mixed feelings or contradictory ideas toward something

Question 36

Logos

Answer 36

Appeal to logic

Question 37

Malapropism

Answer 37

The mistaken use of a word in a place of a similar-sounding one.

Question 38

Metonymy

Answer 38

The substitute of the name of an attribute or adjunct for that of the thing meant.

Suit for business executive

Question 39

Occasion

Answer 39

the time and place the text was written or spoken. The occasion exists within a specific context .

Question 40

Paradox

Answer 40

A seeming absurd or contradictory statement or proposition which ,as actually be true with further investigation.

Question 41

Parallel structure

Answer 41

The repetition of a grammatical form within a sentence

Question 42

Pathos

Answer 42

Appeal to emotion

Question 43

Periodic sentence

Answer 43

has the main clause or predicate at the end. This is used for emphasis and can be persuasive by putting reasons for something at the beginning before the final point is made.

In spite of heavy snow and cold temperatures, the game continued.

Question 44

Persona

Answer 44

The a role or character adopted for an audience

Question 45

Polysyndeton

Answer 45

a stylistic device in which several coordinating conjunctions are used in succession in order to achieve an artistic effect.

And Joshua, and all of Israel with him, took Achan the son of Zerah, and the silver, and the garment, and the wedge of gold, and his sons, and his daughters, and his oxen, and his asses, and his sheep, and his tent, and all that he had.”

Question 46

Rhetoric

Answer 46

The area of persuasive writing, effective discourse

Question 47

Rhetorical question

Answer 47

a question asked solely to produce an effect or to make an assertion and not to elicit a reply, as “What is so rare as a day in June?”.

Question 48

Rhetorical triangle

Answer 48

> Writer >audience >context>

Question 49

Satire

Answer 49

The use of humor. Irony, exaggeration, or ridicule to expose and criticize a stupidity, vice, or problem, usually in the context of politics

Question 50

Simple sentence

Answer 50

A sentence consisting of one clause, with a single subject and predicate.

Question 51

SOAPStone

Answer 51

SOAPSTone (Speaker, Occasion, Audience, Purpose, Subject, Tone) is an acronym for a series of questions that students must first ask themselves, and then answer, as they begin to plan their compositions.

Question 52

Speaker

Answer 52

the person or group who creates a text.

Question 53

Subject

Answer 53

The topic

Question 54

Syllogism

Answer 54

An instance of a form of reasoning in which a conclusion is drawn from two given or assumed premises.

Question 55

Synecdoche

Answer 55

A figure of speech in which a part is made to represent the whole or vice versa

Question 56

Syntax

Answer 56

The arrangement of words and phrases to create well-formed sentences in a language

Question 57

Text

Answer 57

Written piece

Question 58

Tone

Answer 58

The general character or attitude of a piece of writing

Question 59

Understatement

Answer 59

The presentation of something as being smaller or less good or important than it really is

Question 60

Zeugma

Answer 60

A figure of speech in which a word applies to two others in different senses

E.g. John and his driving license expired last week.