Key terms and brief outline of diabetes Flashcards

1
Q

What is type 1 diabetes?

A

No insulin produced beta cells because they become destroyed.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is type 2 diabetes?

A

An insufficient amount of insulin is produced.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the role of the pancreas?

A

Produces insulin.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is glucagon?

A

A hormone made by alpha cells in the pancreas. It increases the concentration of glucose in the blood.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Where is glucose absorbed?

A

Absorbed by the stomach and intestines and then the bloodstream.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How does glucose work?

A

Once glucose is in the bloodstream, it causes the blood sugar to increase. A high blood glucose signals the beta cells in the pancreas to secrete insulin.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the role of insulin?

A

It keeps the blood sugar stable.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the role of somatostatin?

A

These work to reduce the rate at which food is absorbed from the contents of the intestine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is glycogen?

A

A substance deposited in body tissue (mainly the liver) as a store of carbohydrates.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is glycogenesis?

A

The creation of glycogen. Excess glucose is stored in the liver and skeletal muscle as glycogen.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is glycogenolysis?

A

The breakdown of glycogen. If the body needs to get glucose after it drops to a low level, then the liver will breakdown glycogen, so glucose can form.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is glycolysis?

A

The breakdown of glucose to form energy.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is Gluconeogenesis?

A

The formation of glucose from smaller molecules. When someone is fasting for a long time, gluconeogenesis produces glucose for energy.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the normal blood glucose for healthy people?

A

4 to 6 mmol/L.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the normal blood glucose for people with diabetes?

A

4 to 7 mmol/L in type 1 and 2.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly