Key terms (a) Flashcards

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1
Q

Culture

A

The way of life of a society

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2
Q

Norms

A

Behaviour societies expect of their members in particular situations

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3
Q

Values

A

Standards shared by members of a culture and used to judge whether behaviour is right or wrong

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4
Q

Roles

A

Patterns of behaviour expected of someone because of their status in society

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5
Q

Status

A

The position someone has in a society

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6
Q

Beliefs

A

Statements people hold to be true

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7
Q

Social construction

A

The idea that social situations and events are created and developed by society instead of existing naturally on their own

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8
Q

Social conformity

A

Acting in accordance with norms and social expectations

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9
Q

Social control

A

Ways in which members of a society are made to conform to norms and values

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10
Q

Agencies of social control

A

Institutions responsible for ensuring that members of a society conform to norms and values

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11
Q

Rewards

A

Positive sanctions/benefits received for good behaviour

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12
Q

Punishments

A

Negative sanctions given for unacceptable behaviour or acts

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13
Q

Sub-culture

A

A group of people within a larger culture that has its own distinctive norms and values

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14
Q

Youth sub-culture

A

A sub-culture of adolescents or young adults distinguishable by their style, dress and musical preference

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15
Q

Value consensus

A

A general agreement across a society on a set of values

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16
Q

Conflict

A

Disagreement between groups of people with different interests

17
Q

Peer group

A

People of the same status, e.g. being of the same age

18
Q

Ostracism

A

Excluding someone from the community or group

19
Q

Peer pressure

A

The influence that a peer group has on its members to force or persuade them to conform

20
Q

Formal social control

A

Ways in which a people or organisations with the authority to implement laws get people to conform to norms and values

21
Q

Coercion

A

The use or threat of force or violence by police forces as a form of social control

22
Q

Social order

A

The ways in which societies and their institutions remain stable over time

23
Q

Masculinity

A

The expected behaviour associated with being male in a particular society

24
Q

Ethnic minority

A

An ethnic group that is relatively small in number compared with the majority in a society and is seen as different

25
Q

Globalisation

A

The process by which different cultures around the world increasingly interact with, are aware of and influence each other

26
Q

Global culture

A

The idea that globalisation has caused or will cause a single culture shared by people all around the world

27
Q

Diversity

A

The wide differences between human cultures

28
Q

Lifestyle

A

The typical way of life of an individual, group or culture

29
Q

Multicultural society

A

A society where many different cultures or sub-cultures exist alongside each other

30
Q

Age group

A

Ways in which people of the same or similar age share a status and associated roles

31
Q

Ethnicity

A

Refers to cultural differences such as religion, language as well as place of origin

32
Q

Race

A

The supposed biological differences between different groups of people