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PRQ-LVN > Key Terms > Flashcards

Key Terms Flashcards

1
Q

-algia

A

pain and suffering

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2
Q

agonist vs. antagonist

A 
agonist = moving in desired direction 
antagonist = working in opposition to agonist

(ex. during flexion, triceps [antagonist] relax and biceps [agonist] contract)

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3
Q

-desis

A

to bind, tie together

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4
Q

fibr/o

A

fibrous tissue, fiber

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5
Q

-otomy

A

surgical cutting

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6
Q

kyph/o

A

bent, hump

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7
Q

lord/o

A

curve, swayback

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8
Q

myel/o

A

spinal cord, bone marrow

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9
Q

oss/e, oss/i, ost/o, oste/o

A

bone

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10
Q

cortical bone

A

compact bone

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11
Q

chondr/i, chondr/o

A

cartilage

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12
Q

-cele

A

hernia, tumor, swelling

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13
Q

cost/o

A

rib

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14
Q

dys-

A

bad, difficult, painful

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15
Q

cran/i

A

skull

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16
Q

greenstick / incomplete fractures

A

bone is bent, or only partially broken (happens in children)

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17
Q

cancellous bone

A

spongy bone

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18
Q

transverse fracture

A

straight across the bone

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19
Q

kines/o, kinesi/o

A

movement

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20
Q

oblique fracture

A

occurs at an angle across the bone

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21
Q

pathological fracture

A

a weakened bone breaks under normal strain

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22
Q

spiral fracture

A

bone has been twisted apart

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23
Q

-plegia

A

paralysis, stroke

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24
Q

-rrhexis

A

rupture

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25
Q

scolio

A

curved, bent

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26
Q

ligament

A

bone to bone (strain)

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27
Q

tendon

A

muscle to bone (sprain)

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28
Q

muscle innervation

A

voluntary contraction - stimulated by a “motor nerve” via transmitted impulse (motor nerve = voluntary movement)

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29
Q

-osis

A

abnormal condition, disease

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30
Q

-ostomy

A

surgical creation of artificial opening to body surface

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31
Q

-plasty

A

surgical repair

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32
Q

-rrhage

A

bursting fluid discharge, excessive bleeding

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33
Q

-rrhaphy

A

surgical suturing

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34
Q

-rrhea

A

flow or discharge

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35
Q

-rrhexis

A

rupturing

36
Q

-sclerosis

A

abnormal hardening

37
Q

subluxation

A

partial dislocation

38
Q

stress fracture

A

overuse injury - a small crack that develops from chronic, excessive impact

39
Q

burs/o

A

bursa

40
Q

spondyl/o

A

vertebrae

41
Q

synovi/o, synov/o

A

synovial membrane, synovial fluid

42
Q

open fracture

A

bone is broken with open wound

43
Q

closed fracture

A

bone is broken with skin intact

44
Q

arthr/o

A

joint

45
Q

ankyl/o

A

crooked, bent, stiff

46
Q

bi-

A

twice, double, two

47
Q

-stasis, -static

A

control maintenance of a constant level

48
Q

hist/o

A

tissue

49
Q

fontanelles

A

aka “soft spots”, normally present on the skull of a newborn

as the child matures, sutures grow and fontanelles harden

50
Q

-lysis

A

loosening, setting free

51
Q

hypo-

A

deficient, decrease

52
Q

hyper-

A

excessive, increased

53
Q

dys-

A

bad, pain, difficult

54
Q

spina bifida

A

congenital defect that occurs during early pregnancy; when the spinal canal fails to close completely around the spinal cord

55
Q

-ectomy

A

surgical removal

56
Q

herniated disk

A

“slipped disk” - breaking apart of intervertebral disks that result in pressure on spinal nerve roots

57
Q

ganglion cysts

A

harmless, fluid-filled swelling that occurs most often near the wrist

58
Q

heel spur

A

calcium deposit in plantar fascia

59
Q

lumbago

A

pain in lumbar

60
Q

impingement syndrome

A

inflamed/swollen tendons are caught in narrow space between the bones within the shoulder

61
Q

compartment syndrome

A

compression of nerves and blood vessels due to swelling within a closed space

62
Q

repetitive stress disorders

A

muscular conditions resulting from repeated motions at work, normal daily activity

63
Q

-asthenia

A

weakness, lack of strength

64
Q

singultus

A

hiccups

65
Q

intermittent claudication

A

pain in leg muscles occur during exercise, relieved by rest

66
Q

contracture

A

permanent tightening of fascia, muscles, tendons, ligaments, and skin
(replaces elastic with nonelastic tissue)

67
Q

adhesion

A

band of fibrous tissue that holds structures together abnormally

68
Q

chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS)

A

debilitating, complex disorder characterized by profound fatigue, NOT improved by bed rest

69
Q

-ic

A

pertaining to

70
Q

ten/o, tend/o, tendin/o

A

tendon, extend, stretch out

71
Q

ton/o

A

tone, stretching, tension

72
Q

-ia

A

abnormal condition / disease

plural form of -ium

73
Q

fasci/a

A

fascia, fibrous band

74
Q

comminuted fracture

A

bone is splintered or crushed

75
Q

tax/o

A

coordination, order

76
Q

plas/i, plas/o, -plasia

A

development, growth, formation

77
Q

-paresis

A

partial paralysis

78
Q

rhabdomyolysis

A

= can result from direct/indirect muscle injury

death of the muscle releases into bloodstream (can cause renal failure)

79
Q

-penia

A

deficiency

80
Q

torticollis

A

stiff neck due to spasmodic contraction - pulls head to affected side

81
Q

myasthenia gravis

A

autoimmune disorder - affects neuromuscular junction and produces serious weakness of voluntary muscles

82
Q

clon/o

A

violent action

83
Q

rheumatoid arthritis (RA) & (JRA)

A

autoimmune disorder - progressively attacks synovial membrane, becoming inflamed and thickened (swollen, painful, immobile)

(jr - 16 and under; often grow out of it)

84
Q

-itis

A

inflammation

85
Q

name the parts of the sternum

A

manubrium, body, xiphoid process

PRQ-LVN (3 decks)

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