Key Terms Flashcards
1
Q
-algia
A
pain and suffering
2
Q
agonist vs. antagonist
A
agonist = moving in desired direction antagonist = working in opposition to agonist
(ex. during flexion, triceps [antagonist] relax and biceps [agonist] contract)
3
Q
-desis
A
to bind, tie together
4
Q
fibr/o
A
fibrous tissue, fiber
5
Q
-otomy
A
surgical cutting
6
Q
kyph/o
A
bent, hump
7
Q
lord/o
A
curve, swayback
8
Q
myel/o
A
spinal cord, bone marrow
9
Q
oss/e, oss/i, ost/o, oste/o
A
bone
10
Q
cortical bone
A
compact bone
11
Q
chondr/i, chondr/o
A
cartilage
12
Q
-cele
A
hernia, tumor, swelling
13
Q
cost/o
A
rib
14
Q
dys-
A
bad, difficult, painful
15
Q
cran/i
A
skull
16
Q
greenstick / incomplete fractures
A
bone is bent, or only partially broken (happens in children)
17
Q
cancellous bone
A
spongy bone
18
Q
transverse fracture
A
straight across the bone
19
Q
kines/o, kinesi/o
A
movement
20
Q
oblique fracture
A
occurs at an angle across the bone
21
Q
pathological fracture
A
a weakened bone breaks under normal strain
22
Q
spiral fracture
A
bone has been twisted apart
23
Q
-plegia
A
paralysis, stroke
24
Q
-rrhexis
A
rupture
25
scolio
curved, bent
26
ligament
bone to bone (strain)
27
tendon
muscle to bone (sprain)
28
muscle innervation
voluntary contraction - stimulated by a "motor nerve" via transmitted impulse (motor nerve = voluntary movement)
29
-osis
abnormal condition, disease
30
-ostomy
surgical creation of artificial opening to body surface
31
-plasty
surgical repair
32
-rrhage
bursting fluid discharge, excessive bleeding
33
-rrhaphy
surgical suturing
34
-rrhea
flow or discharge
35
-rrhexis
rupturing
36
-sclerosis
abnormal hardening
37
subluxation
partial dislocation
38
stress fracture
overuse injury - a small crack that develops from chronic, excessive impact
39
burs/o
bursa
40
spondyl/o
vertebrae
41
synovi/o, synov/o
synovial membrane, synovial fluid
42
open fracture
bone is broken with open wound
43
closed fracture
bone is broken with skin intact
44
arthr/o
joint
45
ankyl/o
crooked, bent, stiff
46
bi-
twice, double, two
47
-stasis, -static
control maintenance of a constant level
48
hist/o
tissue
49
fontanelles
aka "soft spots", normally present on the skull of a newborn
as the child matures, sutures grow and fontanelles harden
50
-lysis
loosening, setting free
51
hypo-
deficient, decrease
52
hyper-
excessive, increased
53
dys-
bad, pain, difficult
54
spina bifida
congenital defect that occurs during early pregnancy; when the spinal canal fails to close completely around the spinal cord
55
-ectomy
surgical removal
56
herniated disk
"slipped disk" - breaking apart of intervertebral disks that result in pressure on spinal nerve roots
57
ganglion cysts
harmless, fluid-filled swelling that occurs most often near the wrist
58
heel spur
calcium deposit in plantar fascia
59
lumbago
pain in lumbar
60
impingement syndrome
inflamed/swollen tendons are caught in narrow space between the bones within the shoulder
61
compartment syndrome
compression of nerves and blood vessels due to swelling within a closed space
62
repetitive stress disorders
muscular conditions resulting from repeated motions at work, normal daily activity
63
-asthenia
weakness, lack of strength
64
singultus
hiccups
65
intermittent claudication
pain in leg muscles occur during exercise, relieved by rest
66
contracture
permanent tightening of fascia, muscles, tendons, ligaments, and skin
(replaces elastic with nonelastic tissue)
67
adhesion
band of fibrous tissue that holds structures together abnormally
68
chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS)
debilitating, complex disorder characterized by profound fatigue, NOT improved by bed rest
69
-ic
pertaining to
70
ten/o, tend/o, tendin/o
tendon, extend, stretch out
71
ton/o
tone, stretching, tension
72
-ia
abnormal condition / disease
| plural form of -ium
73
fasci/a
fascia, fibrous band
74
comminuted fracture
bone is splintered or crushed
75
tax/o
coordination, order
76
plas/i, plas/o, -plasia
development, growth, formation
77
-paresis
partial paralysis
78
rhabdomyolysis
= can result from direct/indirect muscle injury
death of the muscle releases into bloodstream (can cause renal failure)
79
-penia
deficiency
80
torticollis
stiff neck due to spasmodic contraction - pulls head to affected side
81
myasthenia gravis
autoimmune disorder - affects neuromuscular junction and produces serious weakness of voluntary muscles
82
clon/o
violent action
83
rheumatoid arthritis (RA) & (JRA)
autoimmune disorder - progressively attacks synovial membrane, becoming inflamed and thickened (swollen, painful, immobile)
(jr - 16 and under; often grow out of it)
84
-itis
inflammation
85
name the parts of the sternum
manubrium, body, xiphoid process
