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Female Reproductive System > Key Terms > Flashcards

Key Terms Flashcards

1
Q

corpus luteum

A

The small yellow structure that develops from the graafian follicle after ovulation and secretes progesterone and estrogen

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2
Q

fimbriae

A

The long finger-like extensions of the oviduct that wave to capture the released ovum (singular: fimbria)

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3
Q

follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

A

A hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary that acts on the gonads. In the female, it stimulates ripening of the ova in the ovary

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4
Q

fornix

A

An arch-like space, such as the space between the uppermost wall of the vagina and the cervix; from Latin meaning “arch”

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5
Q

greater vestibular gland

A

A small gland that secretes mucus through a duct that opens near the vaginal orifice; also called Bartholin (BAR-to-lin) gland (see Fig. 15-2)

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6
Q

luteinizing hormone (LH)

A

A hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary that acts on the gonads. In the female, it stimulates ovulation and formation of the corpus luteum

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7
Q

menarche

A

The first menstrual period, which normally occurs during puberty

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8
Q

myometrium

A

The muscular wall of the uterus

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9
Q

ovarian follicle

A

The cluster of cells in which the ovum ripens in the ovary

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10
Q

ovum

A

The female gamete or reproductive cell (plural: ova) (root: oo, ov/o)

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11
Q

perineum

A

The region between the thighs from the external genitals to the anus (root: perine/o)

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12
Q

progesterone

A

A hormone produced by the corpus luteum and the placenta that maintains the endometrium for pregnancy

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13
Q

rectouterine pouch

A

A blind pouch, such as the recess between the rectum and the uterus; the cul-de-sac or pouch of Douglas

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14
Q

tubal ligation

A

Surgical constriction of the oviducts to produce sterilization

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15
Q

vulva

A

The external female genital organs (root: vulv/o, episi/o)

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16
Q

dysmenorrhea

A

Painful or difficult menstruation.

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17
Q

endometriosis

A

Growth of endometrial tissue outside the uterus, usually in the pelvic cavity

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18
Q

fibroid

A

Benign tumor of smooth muscle (see leiomyoma)

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19
Q

leiomyoma

A

Benign tumor of smooth muscle, usually in the uterine wall (myometrium). Another word for fibroid.

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20
Q

metrorrhagia

A

Uterine bleeding between normal menstrual periods

21
Q

pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)

A

Condition caused by the spread of infection from the reproductive tract into the pelvic cavity.

22
Q

colposcope

A

Instrument for examining the vagina and cervix

23
Q

cone biopsy

A

Removal of a cone of tissue from the lining of the cervix for cytologic examination

24
Q

dilation and curettage (D&C)

A

Procedure in which the cervix is dilated (widened) and the uterine lining is scraped with a curette

25
Q

Pap smear

A

Study of cells collected from the cervix and vagina for early detection of cancer. Also called Papanicolaou smear or Pap test.

26
Q

sentinel node biopsy

A

Biopsy of the first lymph nodes to receive drainage from a tumor;

27
Q

stereotactic biopsy

A

Needle biopsy using a computer-guided imaging system to locate suspicious tissue and remove samples for study

28
Q

tomosynthesis

A

Three-dimensional x-ray imaging technique for detection of breast cancer;

29
Q

adnexa

A

Appendages, such as the adnexa uteri—the ovaries, oviducts, and uterine ligaments

30
Q

Graafian follicle

A

Mature ovarian follicle

31
Q

hymen

A

A fold of mucous membrane that partially covers the entrance of the vagina

32
Q

oocyte

A

An immature ovum

33
Q

perimenopause

A

The period immediately before and after menopause; begins at the time of irregular menstrual cycles and ends one year after the last menstrual period; averages three to four years

34
Q

vestibule

A

The space between the labia minora that contains the openings of the urethra, vagina, and ducts of the greater vestibular glands

35
Q

cystocele

A

Herniation of the urinary bladder into the wall of the vagina

36
Q

dyspareunia

A

Pain during sexual intercourse

37
Q

fibrocystic disease of the breast

A

A condition in which there are palpable lumps in the breasts, usually associated with pain and tenderness. These lumps or “thickenings” change with the menstrual cycle and must be distinguished from malignant tumors by diagnostic methods

38
Q

leukorrhea

A

White or yellowish discharge from the vagina.

39
Q

rectocele

A

Herniation of the rectum into the wall of the vagina

40
Q

chorion

A

The outermost layer of the embryo that, with the endometrium, forms the placenta (adjective: chorionic)

41
Q

colostrum

A

Breast fluid that is secreted in the first few days after giving birth, before milk is produced

42
Q

ductus arteriosus

A

A fetal blood vessel that connects the pulmonary artery with the descending aorta, thus allowing blood to bypass the lungs

43
Q

foramen ovale

A

A small hole in the interatrial septum in the fetal heart that allows blood to pass directly from the right to the left side of the heart

44
Q

gravida

A

Pregnant woman

45
Q

human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)

A

A hormone secreted by the embryo early in pregnancy that maintains the corpus luteum so that it will continue to secrete hormones

46
Q

para

A

Woman who has produced a viable infant. Multiple births are considered as single pregnancies

47
Q

parturition

A

Childbirth (root: nat/i); labor (root: toc/o)

48
Q

prostaglandins

A

A group of hormones with varied effects, including the stimulation of uterine contractions

49
Q

zygote

A

The fertilized ovum

Female Reproductive System (2 decks)

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