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Male Reproductive System > Key Terms > Flashcards

Key Terms Flashcards

1
Q

androgen

A

Any hormone that produces male characteristics; root andr/o means “male”

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2
Q

bulbourethral gland

A

A small gland beside the urethra below the prostate that secretes part of the seminal fluid. Also called Cowper gland

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3
Q

circumcision

A

Surgical removal of the end of the prepuce (foreskin)

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4
Q

ductus deferens

A

The duct that conveys spermatozoa from the epididymis to the ejaculatory duct. Also called vas deferens

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5
Q

ejaculatory duct

A

The duct formed by union of the ductus deferens and the duct of the seminal vesicle; it carries spermatozoa and seminal fluid into the urethra

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6
Q

epididymis

A

A coiled tube on the surface of the testis that stores sperm until ejaculation (root: epididym/o)

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7
Q

follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

A

A hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary that acts on the gonads. In the male, FSH stimulates Sertoli cells and promotes sperm cell development

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8
Q

gamete

A

A mature reproductive cell, the spermatozoon in the male and the ovum in the female

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9
Q

glans penis

A

The bulbous end of the penis

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10
Q

inguinal canal

A

The channel through which the testis descends into the scrotum in the male

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11
Q

interstitial cells

A

Cells located between the seminiferous tubules of the testes that produce hormones, mainly testosterone. Also called cells of Leydig (LI-dig).

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12
Q

luteinizing hormone (LH)

A

A hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary that acts on the gonads

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13
Q

meiosis

A

The type of cell division that forms the gametes; it results in cells with 23 chromosomes, half the number found in other body cells

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14
Q

prepuce

A

The fold of skin over the glans penis; the foreskin

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15
Q

prostate gland

A

A gland that surrounds the urethra below the bladder in males and contributes secretions to the semen (root: prostat/o)

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16
Q

seminal vesicle

A

A sac-like gland behind the bladder that contributes secretions to the semen (root: vesicul/o)

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17
Q

Sertoli cell

A

Cell in a seminiferous tubule that aids in the development of spermatozoa; sustentacular (sus-ten-TAK-u-lar) cell

18
Q

spermatic cord

A

Cord attached to the testis that contains the ductus deferens, blood vessels, and nerves enclosed within a fibrous sheath

19
Q

vas deferens

A

The duct that conveys spermatozoa from the epididymis to the ejaculatory duct.

20
Q

benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)

A

Nonmalignant enlargement of the prostate;

21
Q

cryptorchidism

A

Failure of the testis to descend into the scrotum

22
Q

epididymitis

A

Inflammation of the epididymis. Common causes are UTIs and STIs

23
Q

inguinal hernia

A

Protrusion of the intestine or other abdominal organ through the inguinal canal or through the wall of the abdomen into the scrotum

24
Q

orchitis

A

Inflammation of a testis.

25
Q

prostatitis

A

Inflammation of the prostate gland.

26
Q

urethritis

A

Inflammation of the urethra

27
Q

herniorrhaphy

A

Surgical repair of a hernia

28
Q

prostatectomy

A

Surgical removal of the prostate

29
Q

vasectomy

A

Excision of the vas deferens.

30
Q

emission

A

The discharge of semen

31
Q

balanitis

A

Inflammation of the glans penis and mucous membrane beneath it (root balan/o means “glans penis”)

32
Q

bladder neck obstruction (BNO)

A

Blockage of urine flow at the outlet of the bladder.

33
Q

hydrocele

A

The accumulation of fluid in a sac-like cavity, especially within the covering of the testis or spermatic cord

34
Q

phimosis

A

Narrowing of the prepuce’s opening so that the foreskin cannot be pushed back over the glans penis

35
Q

priapism

A

Abnormal, painful, continuous erection of the penis, as may be caused by drugs or specific damage to the spinal cord

36
Q

seminoma

A

A tumor of the testis

37
Q

spermatocele

A

An epididymal cyst containing spermatozoa

38
Q

varicocele

A

Enlargement of the veins of the spermatic cord

39
Q

brachytherapy

A

Radiation therapy by placement of encapsulated radiation sources, such as seeds, directly into a tumor or nearby tissue (from Greek brachy-, meaning “short”)

40
Q

Gleason tumor grade

A

A system for assessing the severity of cancerous changes in the prostate; reported as a Gleason score

41
Q

resectoscope

A

Endoscopic instrument for transurethral removal of tissue from the bladder, prostate, uterus, or urethra

42
Q

Whitmore–Jewett staging

A

A method for staging prostatic tumors; and alternate to TNM staging

Male Reproductive System (2 decks)

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