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4-EOR-Family Medicine > Key Terms > Flashcards

Key Terms Flashcards

1
Q

chest pain, dizziness (or syncope), and heart failure.

  • -systolic murmur
  • -delayed carotid pulses
  • -S4 gallop
A

Aortic valve stenosis

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2
Q

Fever, periumbilical or epigastric pain, and elevation in lipase.
Hx: alcohol use, gallstones, or triglycerides

A

pancreatitis

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3
Q

(1) Hypertension
(2) bradycardia
(3) irregular respirations

A

Cushing’s triad
Elevated intracranial pressure
Also: HA, vomiting, reduced level of consciousness

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4
Q

sx of right sided heart failure with increased jugular venous pressure, abdominal ascites, and lower extremity edema.

  • -parasternal lift due to right ventricular enlargement
  • -holosystolic murmur that increases with inspiration
    hx: carcinoid syndrome, pulmonary hypertension, rheumatic fever, infective endocarditis, secondary hemodynamic load on the right ventricle)
A

tricuspid valve regurgitation

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5
Q

EKG in cor pumonale

A

right ventricular hypertrophy

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6
Q

Epitheliod granulomas in the bowel wall or lymph nodes (GI)

A

Crohn dx

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7
Q

Elderly patient+pneumonia+hoarse voice

A

chlamydophila pneumoniae

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8
Q

What class of drugs are contraindicated in fungal infection?

A

steroids

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9
Q

(1) Allergic rhinitis
(2) atopic dermatitis
(3) asthma

A

atopic triad

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10
Q

Inflammatory bowel dx, usually affects distal (terminal) ileum and colon, but can affect any part of GI tract

A

Crohn dx

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11
Q

(1) Distended neck veins
(2) distant heart sounds
(3) hypotension

A

Beck’s triad

Cardiac tamponade

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12
Q

“skip lesions” or “cobblestone” appearance (GI)

A

Crohn dx

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13
Q

Age 30’s-40’s. Extreme exertion, excitement, or fever provokes signs/symptoms of orthopnea and edema.

  • -diastolic “rumbling” murmur with an opening snap
  • -hx of rheumatic fever
A

mitral valve stenosis

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14
Q

Currant jelly sputum

A

Klebsiella pneumoniae

cavitations, alcohol use

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15
Q

Smoking and alcohol consumption and esophageal cancer

A

squamous cell carcinoma

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16
Q

(1) Abdominal pain (RUQ)
(2) jaundice
(3) fever
PENTAD: (4) septic shock
PENTAD: (5) mental confusion

A

Ascending cholangitis

17
Q

Propranolol (and other non-selective beta blockers) are contraindicated in what patient population?

A

asthmatics

can cause bronchospasm, increased bronchial obstruction, and reduced response to inhaled beta receptor agonists

18
Q

fatigue, exertional dyspnea, and orthopnea

–holosystolic murmur with radiation to axilla

A

mitral valve regurgitation

19
Q

most common exudative effusions

A

(1) malignancy
(2) rupture of esophagus
(3) acute pancreatitis
(4) bacterial pneumonia
(5) Pulmonary embolism
(6) viral infection

20
Q

Colicky abdominal pain with findings of abdominal distension, tympany to percussion, and high-pitched bowel sounds

A

SBO

21
Q

Pneumonia that occurs as a secondary infection after a case of influenza

A

staphylococcus aureus

22
Q

(1) venous stasis
(2) hypercoagulability
(3) vascular injury

A

Virchow’s triad

Venous thromboembolism

23
Q

Inflammatory bowel dx; inflammation is NOT transmural, is generally contiguous, and affects predominantly the colon
DX OF COLON AND RECTUM ONLY

A

Ulcerative colitis

24
Q

Dry hacking cough; typically presents 1-2 weeks after starting this medication for blood pressure

A

ACE-Inhibitors

-PRIL, like lisinopril

25
Q

Associated with ulcerative colitis–auto immune dx characterized by destruction of both the intra- and extra-hepatic biliary ducts –>liver failure

A

primary sclerosing cholangitis

26
Q

Upper v. lower GI limit

A

Ligament of Treitz (duodenum)

27
Q

Barrett’s esophagus results in what form of cancer?

A

Adenocarcinoma

28
Q

dyspnea, chest pain, and an uncomfortable awareness of the heartbeat and palpitations (“forceful heartbeat”)

  • -widened pulse pressure
  • -corrigan pulse “water hammer”
  • -bobbing motion of head w/ each heartbeat
  • -diastolic murmur
    hx: congenital/endocarditis/collagen vascular dx
A

aortic valve regurgitation

29
Q

tx for esophageal varices

A

octreotide

vasoconstriction

30
Q

H.Pylori

A

PPI, clarithromycin, amoxicillin

31
Q

Abdominal pain out of proportion to exam (patient in considerable distress, but abdomen is soft with no guarding or rebound, and absence of bowel sounds)

A

Mesenteric ischemia

32
Q

Most common transudative effusions

A

(1) heart failure (most common)
(2) cirrhosis w/ascites
(3) hypoalbuminemia (nephrotic syndrome)

4-EOR-Family Medicine (2 decks)

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