Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Early Elizabethan England > Key Terms > Flashcards

Key Terms Flashcards

1
Q

Courtiers

A

We’re usually members of the nobility. Courtiers spent much of their lives with Elizabeth I.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Extraordinary taxation

A

Occasional, additional taxation to pay for unexpected expenses, especially war.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Militia

A

A military force of ordinary people, rather than soldiers, usually raised in an emergency.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Divine right

A

Belief that the monarch’s right to rule cake from God.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Patron

A

Someone who gives encouragement or financial support to an individual or a cause. For example, Elizabeth I was a patron of many explorers during her reign. She funded their voyages and publicly praises their efforts.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Crown

A

With a capital ‘C’, the Crown refers to the monarch and their government.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Succession

A

The issue of who was going to succeed the throne after the existing monarch died.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Roman Catholic

A

The form of Christianity followed throughout the whole of Western Europe until the 16th century. A feature of Roman Catholicism includes allegiance to the pope, the head of the Catholic Church.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Queen regent

A

‘Regnant’ is a Latin word and means ‘reigning’. Elizabeth was a queen regnant because she ruled in her own relight, like her sister, Mary.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Mass

A

Roman Catholic service at which Catholics are given bread and wine. Catholics believe that this involves a miracle: the bread and wine is turned into the body and blood of Christ.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

The Reformation

A

A challenge to the teachings and power of the Roman Catholic Church. This movement is said to have begun in Europe in 1517.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Intermediary

A

Someone who acts as a go-between when direct communication is not possible.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Last Supper

A

The last meal that Christ shared with his disciples (followers). Commemorating it is very important to Christians as it is a reminder that Christ sacrificed his life to save humanity.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Sacraments

A

Special church ceremonies.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Holy Communion

A

Another name for mass, often used in Protestant churches.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Clergy

A

Religious leaders, such as bishops and priests.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Diocese

A

An area looked after by a bishop.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

German states

A

Germany did not exist in the 16th century. There were, however, many (usually small) states where German was spoken but they were independent of each other. These states formed part of the Holy Roman Empire.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Altars

A

The table in a church where mass is performed.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Ecclesiastical

A

An adjective used to describe things to do with the Church.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Royal Supremacy

A

This is when the monarch is head of the Church.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Pilgrimage

A

A journey to an important religious monument, shrine or place.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Saints

A

A saint is someone who lived an exceptional, holy life. To be made a saint by the Catholic Church, several conditions have to be met, including having lived a good life.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Recusants

A

Catholics who were unwilling to attend church services laid down by the Elizabethan religious settlement.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Papacy

A

The system of Church government ruled by the pope.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Heretics

A

People who have controversial opinions and beliefs at odds with those held by the rest of society, but especially those who deny the teachings of the Catholic Church.

27
Q

Martyr

A

Someone who is killed for his or her beliefs, especially religious beliefs.

28
Q

Holy Roman Empire

A

A large grouping of different states and kingdoms covering a large area of central Europe, including much of modern Germany and parts of Poland and Austria. Although each state had its own ruler, the leaders of the seven largest countries elected a Holy Roman Emperor.

29
Q

Trade embargo

A

When government ban trade with another country.

30
Q

Exocommunicated

A

A very severe punishment, imposed by the pope, expelling people from the Catholic Church.

31
Q

Rome

A

Capital of Italy- but also used to mean the pope or the Catholic Church.

32
Q

Anointed

A

During a coronation, Holy oil is applied to the monarch. This is known as ‘anointing’ and is the most important part of the coronation as it is when the person becomes the monarch.

33
Q

Abdicate

A

A king or queen giving up their throne.

34
Q

Civil war

A

A war between people of the same country.

35
Q

Conspiracy

A

A secret plan with the aim of doing something against the law.

36
Q

Papal bull

A

A written order issued by the pope.

37
Q

Council of the North

A

The council of the North was used to implement Elizabeth’s laws and authority in the north of England, as it was far from London and Elizabeth’s reach. The North was sometimes unstable and often under threat from Scottish raids. It was therefore necessary to have a Council with special powers that could take action in times of lawlessness and emergency.

38
Q

Hanged, drawn and quartered

A

A type of punishment used when the accused was found guilty of high treason. The accused would be hanged until near dead, cut open, have their intestines removed, and were finally chopped into four pieces.

39
Q

Cipher

A

A secret way of writing in code.

40
Q

Agents provocateurs

A

French term referring to agents who became a part of groups suspected of wrongdoing, and encourage other members to break the law so that potential threats can be identified and arrested.

41
Q

Foreign policy

A

The aims and objectives that guide a nation’s relations with other states. The general aim is to benefit the nation. Objectives can include: trade, expanding into more territory and/or gaining more economic resources and building alliances. Foreign policy can focus on defending what a country has (a defensive policy) or conquering other lands (an aggressive policy).

42
Q

New world

A

North and South America. Europeans were only aware of their existence from 1492.

43
Q

Privateer

A

Historically, individuals (usually merchants or explorers) with their own armed ships that capture for their cargoes, often with the authorisation or support of their government.

44
Q

Circumnavigate

A

To travel all the way around the world.

45
Q

Autonomy

A

The right to self-government, so people of one country can manage its own affairs.

46
Q

Sacking

A

To rob a town or city using violence, causing a lot of damage, usually in wartime.

47
Q

Expeditionary force

A

An armed force sent to a foreign country to achieve a specific function or objective.

48
Q

Mercenary

A

A soldier who fights for money rather than a nation or cause.

49
Q

Fireships

A

Empty ships set on fire and sent in the direction of the enemy to cause damage and confusion.

50
Q

Propaganda

A

Biased information used to promote a point-of-view.

51
Q

Social mobility

A

Being able to change your position in society.

52
Q

Apprentice

A

Someone learning a trade or skill. In Elizabethan times, apprentices were not paid. In fact, it cost money to be an apprentice. Once qualified, skilled craftsmen usually enjoyed a very good standard of living.

53
Q

Rhetoric

A

The art of public speaking and persuasion.

54
Q

Rural depopulation

A

When the population of the countryside falls as people move away in search of a better life.

55
Q

Arable farming

A

Growing crops on farm land.

56
Q

Subsistence farming

A

Growing just enough to feed the family but not to sell.

57
Q

Vagabonds

A

Vagabonds, or vagrants, we’re homeless people without jobs, who roamed the countryside begging for money, perhaps stealing or committing other crimes in order to survive.

58
Q

Economic recession

A

When a fall in demand leads to falling prices and businesses losing money. This can lead to businesses failing and unemployment going up.

59
Q

Quadrant

A

Similar to an astrolabe, it was used by sailors to help with navigation at sea. It was the shape of a quarter circle.

60
Q

Astrolabe

A

An instrument used by sailors to help with navigation at sea. It was circular.

61
Q

Colonies

A

Lands under the control or influence of another country, occupied by settlers from that country.

62
Q

Monopoly

A

When one person, or company, controls the supply of something. This means they can charge whatever price they like for it.

63
Q

Barter

A

Exchanging goods for other goods, instead of paying for something outright.

Early Elizabethan England (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions