Key Terms

Question 1

What is a constant?

Answer 1

A variable that doesn’t change, doesn’t change in the program

Question 2

What is a variable?

Answer 2

A value that can change value once imputed into a program

Question 3

What can data values be stored as?

Answer 3

Constants or variables

Question 4

What are the 4 types of variables?

Answer 4

Boolean, integers, float, and string

Question 5

What is the function that changes all characters in a string to upper case?

Answer 5

x.upper

x being the string

Question 6

What is the function that changes all the characters in a string to lower case?

Answer 6

x.lower

Question 7

What is the function that returns all characters in a string?

Answer 7

x.length

Question 8

x.(i) does what?

Answer 8

Extract the character in position (i) from string x

Question 9

What does the function x.subString(a,b) do? What would the output be if this was ‘hello’?

Answer 9

Extracts part of the string starting at position a and with a length of b. Hello would be ‘lo’

Question 10

Give an example of a cast? What is a cast?

Answer 10

Str(age)

Where the type of variable is stated

Question 11

What is DIV?

Answer 11

Where the integer of a calculation is given without its remainder. E.g. 20 DIV 3 is 6

Question 12

What is MOD?

Answer 12

What the remainder of a calculation is E.g. 20 MOD 3 is 2

Question 13

What are the 3 types of loops?

Answer 13

While, for and if

Question 14

How many dimensions of arrays are there?

Answer 14

3

Question 15

What is an array?

Answer 15

A data structure that consists of a group of elements (values or variables), each identified as an index
A data structure where all the data is stored and defined under one variable

Question 16

What is an algorithm?

Answer 16

A procedure / sequence that allows a computer to solve a problem, it is a sequence of instructions, it defines the routes through programs. A step by step set of rules for instructions

Question 17

What does the while loop do?

Answer 17

If keeps running a program (instruction in a program) until a certain condition is met

Question 18

What does the for loop do?

Answer 18

Set a number of cycles for that instruction / that part of the program to do before moving in. E.g. for(1,3) which would make the program run for 3 times leaving each answer in a row in an array then the program either ends or moves on once this has been met and 3 (in this example) values have been left

Question 19

Iteration is what?

Answer 19

The act of repeating a process

Question 20

What is an assignment?

Answer 20

The operation to change the data value of a variable, overwriting what was there before

Question 21

What is the scope (of variables) ?

Answer 21

Whether a variable is local or global, local variables only work in the loop, procedure or class it is set in whereas global variable can be accessed from any point in the program

Question 22

What is a declaration?

Answer 22

Declaring a name of a variable, what type it will be and where it will be stored in memory

Question 23

What are operations?

Answer 23

Signs that give something a value compared to something else, a logical decision E.g. ==equal to, < less than, > greater than, >= greater than or equal to, <= less than or equal to, != not equal to

Question 24

What does data control?

Answer 24

The sequence in which instructions occur

Question 25

What is an iterative program?

Answer 25

A statement which makes a program repeat a set of instructions

Question 26

What is selection?

Answer 26

When you select what part of the program to run, you can skip buts due to selective statements such as IF.

Question 27

What is sequence?

Answer 27

When a program is run in sequence line by line

Question 28

What is a container data type?

Answer 28

A data type that contains several items of data

Question 29

Give 4 examples of container data types

Answer 29

Strings, lists, tuples and dictionary

Question 30

What does mutable mean? Give examples of what is mutable

Answer 30

That somethings value can be changed, a list, variable and dictionary are mutable

Question 31

What is a dictionary (what does it do)?

Answer 31

Stores data items in pairs, consisting of a key and a value. Like a printed dictionary, you look up the word (key) and find its definition (the value)

Question 32

What types of checks can you do to validate the user?

Answer 32

Length check, type check and format check

Question 33

What is a tuple?

Answer 33

They are very similar to list but immutable. It is a type of sequence that like a list can store items of the same or different types, can be indexed, sliced and sorted

Question 34

What is a tuple written in?

Answer 34

Parentheses (round brackets)

Question 35

What is a list?

Answer 35

A list is a type of sequence, like a string but can contain elements of any type. A list can store items of the same or different types, can be indexed, sliced and sorted

Question 36

Can you define an empty list in python? What about a list with many elements of the same value? What do you write a list in

Answer 36

Yes and yes
[square brackets]
Empty list: aList = [ ]
Repeated value: bList = [None] * 10
                                 cList = [0] * 5