Key Terms Flashcards
Statistical infrequency
Occurs when an individual has a less common characteristic than most of the population
Deviation from social norms
Concerns behaviour that is different from the accepted standards of behaviour in a community or society
Failure to function adequately
Occurs when someone is unable to cope with ordinary demands of day-to-day living
Deviation from ideal mental health
Occurs when someone does not meet a set of criteria for good mental health
Phobia
An irrational fear of an object or situation
Behavioural
Ways in which people react
Emotional
Ways in which people feel
Cognitive
Refers to process of thinking
Depression
A mental disorder characterised by low mood and low energy levels
OCD
A condition characterised by obsessions and or compulsive behaviour
Behavioural approach
A way of explaining behaviour in terms of what is observable in terms of learning
Classical conditioning
Learning baby association
Operant conditioning
A form of learning in which behaviour is shaped and maintained by its consequences
Systematic desensitisation
A behavioural theory designed to reduce an unwanted response
Flooding
A behavioural therapy in which a phobic patient is exposed to an extreme form of a phobic stimulus in order to reduce anxiety
Negative triad
Beck proposed that there were 3 kinds of negative thinking that contributed to becoming depressed:
1- negative views of the world
2- negative views of the future
3- negative views of self
ABC model
Ellis proposed that depression occurs when an activating agent A triggers and irrational belief B which in turn produces a consequence C
Cognitive behavioural therapy
A metod for treating mental disorders based on both cognitive and behavioural techniques
Irrational thoughts
Thoughts that are likely to interfere with a persons happiness
Biological approach of OCD
Emphasises that importance of physical processes in the body such as genetic inheritance and neural function
Genetic explanations of OCD
Genes are passed through our DNA and are inherited to present physical and psychological features
Neural explanations of OCD
View that physical and psychological characteristics are determined by the behaviour of the nervous system
