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Kremkau Ch. 5 OA > Key Terms > Flashcards

Key Terms Flashcards

1
Q

Autocorrelation

A

a rapid technique used in most color Doppler instruments, to obtain mean Doppler shift frequency

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2
Q

Baseline Shift

A

Movement of the zero Doppler shift frequency or zero flow speed line up or down on a spectral display

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3
Q

Bernoulli Effect

A

Pressure reduction in a region of high flow speed

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4
Q

Bidirectional

A

Indicating Doppler instruments capable of distinguishing between positive and negative Doppler shifts

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5
Q

Clutter

A

Noise in the Doppler signal that generally is caused by high amplitude; Doppler shifted echoes from the heart or vessel walls

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6
Q

Color Doppler Display

A

The presentation of 2D, real time Doppler shift information in color superimposed on a real time, gray scale, anatomic, cross sectional image

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7
Q

Compliance

A

nonrigid stretchability of vessels; Distensibility

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8
Q

Continuous Wave Doppler

A

A Doppler device or procedure that uses continuous wave ultrasound

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9
Q

Cosine

A

The cosine of angle A is the length of side B divided by the length of side C

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10
Q

Disturbed Flow

A

Flow that cannot be described by straight, parallel streamlines

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11
Q

Doppler Angle

A

The angle between the sound beam and the flow direction

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12
Q

Doppler Effect

A

A change in frequency caused by reflector motion

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13
Q

Doppler Equation

A

The mathematical description of the relationship between the Doppler shift, frequency, Doppler Angle, propagation speed, and reflector speed

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14
Q

Doppler Power Display

A

Color Doppler display in which colors are assigned according to the strength of the Doppler shifted echoes

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15
Q

Doppler Shift

A

Reflected frequency minus incident frequency; change in frequency caused by motion

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16
Q

Doppler Spectrum

A

The range of frequencies present in Doppler shifted echoes

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17
Q

Duplex Instrument

A

An ultrasound instrument that combines gray scale sonography with pulsed Doppler and possibly continuous wave doppler

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18
Q

Eddies

A

Regions of circular flow patterns present in turbulence

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19
Q

Ensemble Length

A

Number of pulses used to generate one color Doppler image scan line

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20
Q

Fast Fourier Transform

A

Digital computer implementation of the Fourier transform

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21
Q

Filter

A

An electric circuit that passes frequencies within a defined range

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22
Q

Flow

A

To move in a stream; volume flow rate

23
Q

Fluid

A

A material that flows and conforms to the shape of its container; gas or liquid

24
Q

Frequency Spectrum

A

The range of Doppler shift frequencies present in the returning echoes

25
Q

Gate

A

A device that allows only echoes from a selected depth to pass

26
Q

Hue

A

The color perceived based on the frequency of light

27
Q

Inertia

A

Resistance to acceleration

28
Q

Laminar Flow

A

Flow in which fluid layers slide over each other in a smooth, orderly manner, with no mixing between layers

29
Q

Luminance

A

Brightness of a presented hue and saturation

30
Q

Parabolic Flow

A

Laminar flow with a profile in the shape of a parabola

31
Q

Phase Quadrature

A

Two signals differing by one fourth of a cycle

32
Q

Plug Flow

A

Flow with all fluid portions traveling with the same flow speed and direction

33
Q

Poise

A

Unit of viscosity

34
Q

Poiseuille Equation

A

The mathematical description of the dependence of volume flow rate on pressure, vessel length and radius, and fluid visocity

35
Q

Priority

A

The gray scale echo strength below which color Doppler information is shown preferentially on a display

36
Q

Pulsatile Flow

A

Flow that accelerates and decelerates with each cardiac cycle

37
Q

Pulsed Doppler

A

A Doppler device or procedure that uses pulsed wave ultrasound

38
Q

Range Gating

A

Selection of the depth from which echoes are accepted based on echo arrival time

39
Q

Resistance

A

Pressure difference divided by volume flow rate for steady flow

40
Q

Sample Volume

A

The anatomic region from which pulsed Doppler echoes are accepted

41
Q

Saturation

A

The amount of hue present present in a mix with white

42
Q

Spectral Analysis

A

Separation of frequencies in a Doppler signal for display as a Doppler spectrum

43
Q

Spectral Broadening

A

The widening of the Doppler shift spectrum

44
Q

Spectral Doppler Display

A

The presentation of Doppler information in a quantitative form of Doppler shift versus time (Visual display of a Doppler spectrum)

45
Q

Spectrum Analyzer

A

A device that derives a frequency spectrum from a complex signal

46
Q

Stenosis

A

Narrowing of a vessel lumen

47
Q

Streamlines

A

A line representing the path of motion of a particle of fluid

48
Q

Turbulence

A

Random, chaotic, multi-directional flow of a fluid with mixing between layers; flow that is not laminar

49
Q

Variance

A

Square of standard deviation; a measure of spectral broadening

50
Q

Viscosity

A

Resistance of a fluid to flow

51
Q

Volumetric Flow Rate

A

Volume of fluid passing a point per unit of time

52
Q

Wall Filter

A

An electric filter that passes frequencies above a set level and eliminates strong, low frequency Doppler shifts from pulsating heart or vessel walls or tissue motion

53
Q

Window

A

An anechoic region appearing beneath echo frequencies presented on a Doppler spectral display

Kremkau Ch. 5 OA (1 decks)

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