Key Terms Flashcards
what is an acid?
dissolves in water to produce hydrogen ions (H)
What is a base?
dissolves in water to produce hydroxide ions (OH)
What’s a combustion reaction?
Combustion reaction is a chemical reaction in which a fuel “burns” or reacts quickly with oxygen
What’s the law of conservation mass?
The statement that, in any given chemical reaction, the total mass of the reactants equal the total mass of products
What’s a cation?
A positively changed ion
what’s a decomposition reaction?
when one substance breaks apart into 2 or more substances
what’s a double displacement reaction
when cations of two compounds exchange places to form 2 new compounds. (like switching dance partners)
what’s an indicator?
five types of indicators that help distinguish a solution from acid, basic or neutral
(Pheno, red/ blue litmus paper, universal litmus paper, cabbage juice, and a pH meter)
what’s an ionic compound
a metal and non-metal transfer electrons in a reaction to form ions
what’s an ionic bond?
the attraction between ionic compounds
What’s an Anion?
A negatively charged ion
What’s a molecular compound?
a compound made from two or more non-metals SHARING electrons to fill its valence shell
what’s a covalent bond?
The bond that results from the molecular compounds
what’s a neutralization reaction?
A special type of double displacement reaction when acids and bases react together to always form a salt and water
• acid + base –> salt + water
what are products?
A chemical that is produced during a chemical reaction
what’s the pH scale?
it indicates the concentration of H+ ions (acidity) or OH- ions (basicity) in a solution
•pH 7 is neutral
• PH0 is highly acidic, PH 14 is very basic; both are very corrosive
• PH 4 is 10 times stronger than pH 5; pH 3 is 100 times stronger than pH 5
what are reactants?
A chemical, present at the start of a chemical reaction, that is used up during the reaction
what is single displacement?
when one element takes a place (displaces) of another element in a compound
•like stealing a dance partner
what’s synthesis reactions?
when to reactants combine to make a new substance
what’s complete combustion?
- good supply of oxygen
- very hot
- blue flame
- produces H2O + CO2
What’s Incomplete combustion?
- poor supply of oxygen
- less heat
- yellow flame
- produces H2O + CO2 + CO + C
