Key Terms Flashcards
0
Q
Mercantilism
A
- Economic philosophy of Great Brittan in the 17th and 18th centuries
- Brittan sought to increase its wealth and power by obtaining large amounts of gold and silver and establishing trade with colonies
1
Q
Columbian Exchange
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- Exchange of plants and animals between the New World and Europe following the discovery of America in 1492
- New World: Corn, tomatoes, potatoes
- Old World: Horses, cows, and pigs
2
Q
Half-Way Covenant
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- Established by Puritans
- Eased requirements for church membership
- Allowed Baptism for the children of Baptised, but unconverted, Puritans
3
Q
Enlightenment
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- 18th century philosophy
- Says reason can be used to improve human condition
4
Q
Deism
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- God created the universe, but allows it to operate through the laws of nature
- Natural laws could be discovered by the use of human reason
5
Q
The First Great Awakening
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- Wave of religious revivals that spread through the colonies during the 1730s and 1740s
6
Q
Republican Government
Republicanism
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- belief that government should be based on the he consent of the people
7
Q
Separation of Powers
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- Division of powers among the legislative, Judical, and executive branches of the government
8
Q
Checks and Balances
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- Each branch of government can check the power of the other branches
9
Q
Judicial Review
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- The Supreme Court can strike down an act of congress by declaring it unconstitutional
- Established by Marbury vs. Madison
10
Q
International Improvements
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Refers to the development of a national transportation system
11
Q
American System
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- Set of proposals designed to unify the nation and strengthen the economy
- Uses protective tariffs, a national bank, and internal improvements such as canals and new roads
12
Q
Cult of Domesticity
Republican Motherhood
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- Idealization of women in their roles as wives and mothers
- “republican mother” means women are responsible for raising good Americans
13
Q
Transcendentalism
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- Philosophy and literary movement of the 1800s
- Empathized living a simple life and celebrating truth found in nature
14
Q
Perfectionism (history)
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- Belief that humans can use conscious acts of will to create communities based upon cooperation and mutual respect
