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CIP Level 1 > Key Terms > Flashcards

Key Terms Flashcards

0
Q

Cathode

A

The electrode of an electrochemical cell at which reduction is the principal reaction. Electron flow towards the cathode in the external circuit.

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1
Q

Anode

A

The electrode of an electrochemical cell at which oxidation occurs. Electrons flow away from the anode in the external circuit. Corrosion usually occurs and metal ions enter the solution at the anode.

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2
Q

Cathodic protection

A

A technique to reduce the corrosion of a metal surface by making that surface the cathode of an electrochemical cell.

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3
Q

Corrosion:

A

The deterioration of a material, usually a metal, that results from a reaction with its environment.

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4
Q

Corrosion cell:

A

In order for corrosion to occur, certain conditions and elements are essential. This is the combination of an anode, cathode, return path, and electrolyte.

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5
Q

Corrosion inhibitor:

A

A chemical substance or combination of substances that, when present in the environment, prevents or reduces corrosion

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6
Q

Crevice corrosion:

A

Localized corrosion of a metal surface at, or immediately adjacent to, an area that is shielded from full exposure to the environment because of close proximity of the metal to the surface of another material.

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7
Q

Electrolyte:

A

A chemical substance containing ions that migrate in an electric field.

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8
Q

Galvanic series:

A

A list of metals and alloys arranged according to their corrosion potentials in a given environment.

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9
Q

Generalized corrosion:

A

Corrosion that is distributed more or less uniformly over the surface of a material.

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10
Q

Localized corrosion:

A

This occurs at discrete sites on the metal surface.

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11
Q

Mill scale

A

The oxide layer formed during hot fabrication or heat treatment of metals.

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12
Q

Passivation

A

A reduction of the anodic reaction rate of an electrode involved in corrosion.

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13
Q

Pitting corrosion

A

Localized corrosion of a metal surface that is confined to a small area and takes the form of cavities called pits.

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14
Q

Return path (Metallic Pathway)

A

This connects the anode and cathode, allowing passage of electrons, generated at the anode, to the cathode.

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15
Q

Coating specification

A

A formal, structured document containing information in a project (such as scope, terms, schedule, inspection, etc.).

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16
Q

Instrument calibration history reports:

A

Reports that normally contain information on how frequently each instrument is to be or has been calibrated.

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17
Q

Materials inventory reports

A

Reports that contain information on the inventory of job site materials, and are normally submitted periodically.

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18
Q

Material Safety Data Sheets(MSDS)

A

A form containing data of known substances in a particular product.

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19
Q

Quality assurance

A

Any systematic process that checks whether a product or service being developed is meeting specified requirements.

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20
Q

Quality Control

A

A procedure intended to ensure that a manufactured product or performed service meets the requirements of the client or customer.

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21
Q

Quality control technician:

A

The inspector’s role, primarily responsible for observing and reporting th technical aspects of a coating project and it’s conformance or deviation form the project specification.

22
Q

Standards

A

A term applied to codes, specifications, recommended practices, procedures, classifications, test methods, and guides that provide interchangeability and compatibility. Standards enhance quality, safety, and economy; they are published by a standards-developing organization or group.

23
Q

Dew Point

A

The temperature at which moisture will begin to form on a steel surface.

24
Q

Infrared Thermometers

A

Devices that measure temperature, using black body radiation emitted from objects

25
Q

Magnetic surface contact thermometer:

A

One of the most common instruments used to determine substrate temperature.

26
Q

Psychrometric chart

A

A graph of the physical properties of moist air at a constant pressure (often equated to an elevation relative to sea level).

27
Q

Psychrometric tables:

A

Booklet used to determine the relative humidity and dew-point temperature of the air.

28
Q

Relative humidity:

A

The ratio, expressed as a percentage, of the amount of water vapor present in a given volume of air at a given temperature to the amount required to saturate the air at that temperature.

29
Q

Repeatability:

A

The ability of the instrument to give the same readings under similar ambient and target conditions.

30
Q

Sling psychrometer:

A

The type of psychrometer most used in coating inspection. It is used to measure the ambient air temperature to calculate dew point and relative humidity.

31
Q

Wind speed monitor

A

An instrument to help decide if conditions are appropriate for coating application projects.

32
Q

Additives

A

Liquid components of a coating, typically added in small amounts to perform a specific function.

33
Q

Adhesion

A

The process in which dissimilar molecules cling together due to attractive forces. Adhesion can be chemical, mechanical, polar, or a combination of the three.

34
Q

Barrier coatings:

A

A coating that:

(1) has a high resistance to permeation of liquids and/or gases, or
(2) is applied over a previously coated surface to prevent damage to the underlying coating during subsequent handling.

35
Q

Binder:

A

The nonvolatile portion of the vehicle of a formulated coating material.

36
Q

Inhibitive pigment:

A

A pigment that passivates the metal surface by forming a thin, tightly adherent film or by reinforcing and plugging defects in the natural air-formed film.

37
Q

Inorganic coatings:

A

Coatings whose binders are made from non-living things, most commonly based on either silicone or zinc.

38
Q

Organic coatings:

A

Coatings who binders are made from living or once-living things.

39
Q

Pigment:

A

the fine solid particles added during the manufacture of a coating which are substantially insoluble in the vehicle, used to impart color, corrosion control, or decorative properties.

40
Q

Sacrificial Coatings:

A

Coatings that use a metal that is anodic to steel and corrodes preferentially. Essentially, sacrificial coatings provide Cathodic protection, especially in the vicinity of film defects.

41
Q

Solvents:

A

Added to coatings to liquefy the binder and allow for application in a productive manner.

42
Q

Acrylic:

A

A type of resin polymerized from acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, esters of these acids, or acrylonitrile.

43
Q

Alkyd:

A

A type of resin formed by the reaction of polyhydric alcohols and ploy basic acids, part of which is derived from saturated or unsaturated oils or fats.

44
Q

Convertible Coatings:

A

Coatings that cure by one of several polymerization mechanisms, even when solvent evaporation is also involved.

45
Q

Chlorinated rubber:

A

One of the earliest corrosion resistant coatings; developed in the 1930s, they were widely used in many industries. Chlorinated rubber contains a large amount of VOC and it’s use has been almost eliminated in most parts of the world.

46
Q

Curing:

A

Chemical process of developing the intended properties of a coating or another material(e.g., resin) over a period of time.

47
Q

Epoxy

A

A type of resin formed by the reaction of aliphatic or aromatic polyols (such as bisphenol) with epichlorohydrin and characterized by the presence of reactive oxirane end groups.

48
Q

Furan:

A

A type of resin formed by the polymerization or polycondensation of furfuryl, furfuryl alcohol, or other compounds containing a Furan ring.

49
Q

Latex Emulsions:

A

Coatings that can contain a number of different resin particles that are covered with emulsifier to keep them apart in the liquid stage.

50
Q

Non convertible Coatings:

A

Coatings that cure by evaporation of the solvent. There is no chemical change to the resins as they transform from the liquid to solid state.

51
Q

Phenol:

A

An organic chemical used in a very wide variety of manufactured items. Also known as carbolic acid.

52
Q

Thermosetting:

A

A coating that is formed as a result of a chemical cross-linking reaction (oxidation, polymerization, chemical additive reaction, heat, or a combination of these)

53
Q

Thermoplastic:

A

A material capable of being repeatedly softened by heat and hardened by cooling.

CIP Level 1 (13 decks)

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