Key Terms

Question 1

Trouble shooting ventilator alarms (7)

Answer 1

Low FiO2
Low tidal volume
High pressure
Bellows 
Low CO2--apnea
Circuit disconnect
Pulse ox lower than 85%

Question 2

Normal route of CSF flow

Answer 2

Lateral ventricles 
foramen of Monro
3rd ventricle
4th ventricle
Subarachnoid

Question 3

pathway monitored by MEPs

Answer 3

ventral

corticospinal tract

Question 4

Identification of hypoglycemia:

Answer 4

BS < 70

Question 5

Identification of hyperglycemia:

Answer 5

BS > 130

Question 6

What is the function of the sphincter of Oddi?

Answer 6

smooth muscle sphincter located at junction of the common bile duct and pancreatic duct which controls the amount of bile and pancreatic juices into the duodenum

Question 7

What is the sensitivity of thermal skin receptors?

Answer 7

can detect changes in skin temp by 0.003 degrees Celcius

Question 8

What are possible side effects of sodium bicarb use?

Answer 8

hypocalcemia

hypokalemia due to re-entrance into cells

Question 9

How can you prevent vasospasm? (drugs 2)

Answer 9

nimodipine

verapamil both are channel blockers

Question 10

Definition of Ludwig’s Angina

Answer 10

supparative inflammation of subcutaneous tissue in submental space

Question 11

What conditions if Ludwig’s Angina generally associated with?

Answer 11

diabetes

dental abscess

Question 12

How do you assess state of oxygenation? (3)

Answer 12

A-a gradient
cardiopulmonary shunt fraction (Qs/Qt)
Arteriolar alveolar oxygen tension ratio = a/A > 0.75

Question 13

Where is CSF formed?

Answer 13

choroid plexus

Question 14

How much CSF volume in the body?

Answer 14

150 ml

Question 15

How much CSF formed in one day in an adult?

Answer 15

500 ml

Question 16

What is the specific gravity of CSF?

Answer 16

1.006

Question 17

What is the pathophysiology of cardiac tamponade?

Answer 17

restrictive heart disease

Question 18

What is the pharmacologic support for a hypotensive patient with cardiac tamponade?

Answer 18

isoproteronol

Question 19

What end-expiratory airway pressure is produced by the ascending bellows?

Answer 19

2-3 cm H2O

Question 20

When should you tape pt’s eyes during induction?

Answer 20

after loss of consciousness

Question 21

What perioperative risks does rhabdomyolysis pose?

Answer 21

kidney issues

Question 22

A 54 year old woman who complained of having the worst headache of her life is admitted and taken to radiology. Angiography reveals a leaking cerebral aneurysm. Coiling is planned and GA induced. The pt VS BP 210/110 mmHg, HR 54 and RR 9. What should be the blood pressure target be?

Answer 22

Normotensive and increased BP

Question 23

A 54 year old woman who complained of having the worst headache of her life is admitted and taken to radiology. Angiography reveals a leaking cerebral aneurysm. Coiling is planned and GA induced. The pt VS BP 210/110 mmHg, HR 54 and RR 9. What should be the blood pressure target be?

What is the goal for intervention?

Answer 23

prevent vasospasm

Question 24

If vital signs change to BP 88/58, HR 65, wha is indicated?

Answer 24

give vasopressors

Question 25

What is opisthotonus?

Answer 25

muscles spasms from dorsal roots

Question 26

What is ASRA?

Answer 26

American Society of Regional Anesthesia

Question 27

What physiologic effect describes deoxygenated hemoglobin having a greater affinity for hydrogen ions than oxygenated Hb?

Answer 27

Bohr effect

Question 28

What type of anesthesia is performed for percutaneous rhizotomy?

Answer 28

mostly performed under local anesthesia but can be done under general

Question 29

What is the purpose of the wake-up test during surgery?

Answer 29

It is the gold standard for monitoring deformity during correction

Question 30

Brain death can only be applied in the absence of what c

Answer 30

hypotension
hypothermia
metabolic/endocrine abnormalities
neuromuscular blocking agents or other drugs to depress brain function