Key Terms Flashcards
optimal health and wellbeing
The highest level of health and wellbeing an individual can realistically attain at any particular time, taking into account genetics and the diff. environments in which people live
health
Relates to the physical, social, emotional, mental and spiritual dimensions.
illness
A subjective concept relate to personal experience of a disease or injury
- Subjective
Dynamic
dynamic
An individual’s state of health and wellbeing is ever-changing and can be affected by dynamic interactions with the environment
subjective
Subjective - influenced by or based on personal beliefs, feelings or opinions
HWB is subjective as a number of factors influence perceptions of health such as age, fitness, body weight, social networks, income, occupation, education, media, and culture
Physical HWB
Relates to the state and functioning of the body and it systems; it includes the physical capacity to perform daily tasks/activities
Characteristics of optimal PHWB
* Healthy body weight
* Well-functioning body, systems and organs
* Optimal blood pressure
* Appropriate levels of fitness
* Absence from illness
mental HWB
The current state of wellbeing relating to a person’s mind or brain and the ability to think and process information. It includes thought patterns, self-esteem and levels of stress and anxiety
social HWB
Relates to the state and quality of the interactions and relationships that an individual has with other people. Includes the ability to manage or adapt appropriately to different social situations
* Effective communication
* Productive relationships
Supportive network of friends
emotional
Relates to the ability to express feeling in an appropriate way. Emotional health and wellbeing is about the positive management and expression of emotional actions and reactions, as well as the ability to display resilience. It is the degree to which an individual feels emotionally secure and relaxed
spiritual HWB
Relates to the ideas, beliefs, values, and ethics that arise in the minds and conscience of human beings. It includes the concepts of hope, peace, a guiding sense of meaning or value, and reflection on your place in the world.
Values
* Education
* Fitness
* Creativity
* Career success
* Appearance
Beliefs
* God exists
* Mind cure the body
* Life after death
Wrong to steal
Health Status
An individuals or populations overall level of health and wellbeing taking into account various indicators such as life expectancy, mortality and morbidity
self-assessed health status
An individual’s own opinion about how they feel about their health, their state of mind and their life in general (AIHW, 2018). It is commonly sourced from population surveys.
Limits
Subjective
life expectancy
The number of years of life, on average, remaining to an individual at a particular age if death rates do not change. The most commonly used measure is life expectancy
at birth (AIHW, 2018).
health adjusted life expectancy
(HALE) the average length of time an individual at a specific age can expect to live in full health; that is, time lived without the health consequences of disease or injury
(AIHW, 2018)
mortality
Relates to death, often at a population level
morbidity
Ill health in an individual and levels of ill health within a population
burden of disease
a measure of the impact of diseases and injuries, specifically the gap between current health status and an ideal situation where everyone lives to an old age free of disease and disability.
Burden of disease is measured in a unit called the DALY (VCAA).
incidence
Refers to the number of **new cases **of a disease/condition in a population during given period
prevalence
The total number of a proportion of cases of a particular disease or condition present in population at a given time.
maternal mortality
Death of a mother during pregnancy, childbirth or within 6 weeks of delivery
infant mortality
The rate of death of infants before their 1st bday, expressed per 1000 live births
disability adjusted life year (DALY)
- a measure of burden of disease.
- One DALY is equal to one year of healthy life lost due to illness and/or death.
- DALYs are calculated as
the sum of the years of life lost due to premature death and the years lived with disability for people living with the health condition or its
consequences
DALY
Years of life lost (YLL)
Measure of how many years of expected life lost due to premature death
DALY
years of life lost due to disability (YLD)
A measure of how many healthy years of life are lost due to disease, injury or disability.
Ill fatal component
