key terms Flashcards
single tax movement
- Proposed by Henry George to tax only land value
- aimed to reduce inequality and promote social justice during the Progressive Era
social darwinism
- Applied Darwin’s theory to society
- justifying imperialism and economic inequality by suggesting that the “fittest” would naturally succeed
muckraking journalists
- Investigative reporters who exposed corruption and social issues in the early 1900s
- led to significant reforms in government and industry
federal meat inspection act
- 1906 law ensuring sanitary meat processing
- direct response to muckraking
- improving public health and food safety
pure food and drug act
- 1906 law mandated safe food and drug labeling
- establishes the FDA
- addresses public concerns raised by muckrakers
Tammany Hall
- New York City’s powerful Democratic political machine known for corruption
- symbolizes the challenges of political reform during the Gilded Age
triangle shirtwaist factory fire
- 1911 disaster that killed workers
- prompted reforms in workplace
- led to safety laws and labor regulations (NY State labor laws)
- Prompted creation of NY Factory Invetigating comission
- highlights industrial hazards
jane addams
- Social reformer and founder of Hull House
- she advanced social work and advocated for women’s rights, addressing urban poverty
sigmund freud
- Influential psychologist whose ideas about the unconscious mind shaped modern thought
- he impacted literature and culture in the early 1900s
literary realism
- A movement focusing on everyday life and social issues
- “life in most exact terms possible”
- reflects the complexities of American society during industrialization
literary naturalism
- extension of realism emphasizing the influence of environment and heredity on human behavior
- humans are victims of their subconscious impulses
- higlights societal struggles
modernism
- cultural movement challenging traditional norms, embracing new artistic forms and ideas
- response to rapid societal changes during the early 1900s
the square deal
Theodore Roosevelt’s program promoting:
1. control of corporations
2. consumer protection
3. conservation of natural resorces
reflecting Progressive Era reforms for social equity and fairness in economy
Hepburn Act
- 1906
- federal regulation of railroads
trust busting
- prevent corrupt monopolies (improve competition)
- hepburn act 1906
- initially didn’t want fed gov to overstep power
- didn’t intervene sooner to ot disturb economy of industrialization era
Federal mediation
federal gov help settle labor disputes (1902 coal strike)
1902 coal strike
went on strike for:
* better working conditions
* shorter working hours
* higher wages
recall of officials
proccess of removing an official from office by popular vote
16th amendment
progressive income tax
17th amendment
direct voting of senators
18th amendment
prohibition of alcohol
19th amendment
women have the right to vote
us imperialism
U.S. acquisition of Hawaii, Puerto Rico, and the Philippine Islands in 1898
