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Tudor History A-level > Key terms > Flashcards

Key terms Flashcards

1
Q

Clergy

A

Formal leaders within an established religion

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2
Q

Laity

A

the people of a religious faith as distinguished from the clergy

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3
Q

chancellor

A

A person in a position of the highest or high rank

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4
Q

Legatus a latere

A

a cardinal who is appointed by the pope to represent him on a specific mission

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5
Q

excommunicate

A

to officially exclude someone from attending the services of the Christian Church

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6
Q

heresy

A

belief or opinion contrary to orthodox religious doctrine

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7
Q

purgatory

A

a place or state of suffering inhabited by the souls of sinners who are expiating their sins before going to heaven

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8
Q

Indulgences

A

granted full or partial remission of the punishment of sin

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9
Q

Martyr

A

a person who voluntarily suffers death as the penalty of witnessing to and refusing to renounce a religion

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10
Q

Lollard

A

a follower of the English religious reformer John Wyclif

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11
Q

Predestination

A

the belief people have no control over any events as god or fate already has it planned out

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12
Q

Royal Supremacy

A

the legal sovereignty of the king over the law of the Church of England

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13
Q

Humanism

A

a reliance on science and reason rather than revelation from a supernatural source to understand the world

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14
Q

Avarice

A

Extreme greed for wealth or material gain

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15
Q

Anti-clericalism

A

opposition to religious authority, typically in politics or socially

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16
Q

Annullment

A

declaring a marriage invalid (KH8 first marriage)

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17
Q

consummated

A

the completion of something

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18
Q

Faction

A

An organised group of people within a larger group

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19
Q

probate

A

getting official permission to carry out the wishes in the will

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20
Q

praeminure

A

the title of statutes which were designed to protect rights claimed by the English Crown against the encroachment of the Papacy

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21
Q

prerogative

A

a right or privilege exclusive to a particular individual or class

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22
Q

evangelical

A

being in agreement with the Christian gospel and trying to spread it

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23
Q

injunction

A

An authoritative warning or order

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24
Q

Bishop of Rome

A

The head of the Roman Catholic Church

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24
Papal Bull
An official order issued by the pope
24
Patronage
the support, encouragement, privilege, or financial aid that an organization or individual bestows on another
24
Enclosure
the abolition of the open field system of agriculture
25
intercession
the act of praying to a deity on the behalf of others
26
regent
a person who temporarily ruled a state in place of the monarch when the monarch was unable to fulfil their duties
27
abbey, monastery and priory
religious houses of differing sizes
28
abbots
head of monastic houses
29
absenteeism
a priest who was head of more than one church and was therefor unable to attend them all
30
Act forbidding papal dispensation 1534
this act put all ecclesiastical powers in the hands of the monarchs. Prevented priests from having more than one parish.
31
Act of Attainder
a punishment for those who committed crimes against the king, stripped of lands and titles
32
Act of Parliament
the outcome of a bill that was agreed on by both houses
33
Act of supremacy 1534
this act only claimed that Henry should be the head of the Church of England
34
Anabaptists
believed in pre-destination and didn't respect the state having any rights over the Church. they refused to pay tithes or swear loyalty to the monarch
35
annates
a monetary payment made by English bishops to the Church in Rome from their first years income from their diocese
36
Antichrist
a term of abuse used for the pope
37
Auld alliance
a series of agreements signed by Scotland and France, specifically against England, started in 1295
38
auricular
relating to the ear, priests would listen to their parishioners' confessions
39
balance of power
England had the balance of power between France and Spain and one could not defeat another without the help of England.
40
benefit of clergy
any priest suspected of committing certain crimes could claim benefit of clergy and be tried in a church court where they were much more lenient
41
biretta
a square cap worn by catholic clergy
42
Canon Law
the law of church compared to statute which is created by parliament
43
chantry
an individual or group of people joining together to provide funds to hold masses for their souls after they died
44
conformism
when Catholics outwardly conformed to the church of England whilst secretly maintaining their own beliefs
45
consort
usually a role taken by the queen who accompanied the king to court
46
consubstantiation
the doctrine that bread and wine coexists with the body and blood of Christ in the Eucharist.
47
Dry stamp
a stamp with Henry's signature that was used by members of the privy council on documents that needed KH8's signature. used when he was bedridden.
48
Easter sepulchre
an elaborate structure within many medieval churches which recreated Christ's tomb and was used for the ceremonies of Easter
49
entry fines
the lump sum a tenant would have to pay up front if he took over a piece of land or if his tenancy was renewed
50
Erastian
when the head of state is also head of Church
51
first act of succession 1534
declared Henry and Catherine of Aragon's marriage invalid, declared Mary to be illegitimate
52
Habsburg
the family name of Charles V and the kings of Spain and the Holy Roman Emperors during the years of 1529-70
53
Homily
a short sermon often placing the teaching within an example from the bible
54
Huguenot
a member of the protestant reformed church of France
55
Iconoclasm
the destruction of religious images
56
labouring poor
those who were employed but didn't earn enough to support their families. this may have been due low wages or insufficient demand in workers
57
liturgy
a collective term for the established practices of the church, including the language and rituals of the services
58
mark
old English money; one mark is equivalent to 65p today
59
middling sort
those who had occupations in the towns such as merchants, lawyers or financiers.
60
militia
a locally raised fighting force of men with limited military training
61
Missal
the book used by the priest that contained the liturgy
62
mortuary fees
imposed by the church, this was a payment made to the priests on the burial of someone, by their relative
63
nepotism
the promotion of ones family to lucrative positions rather than those with the ability
64
omni-competent
Latin term somewhat meaning 'capable of anything'
65
ordinal
the published service for the ordination of priests as laid down by canon law

Tudor History A-level (4 decks)

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