key terms

Question 1

nation building

Answer 1

processes by which a state government promotes nationality for example through its education system or the media

Question 2

territorial integrity

Answer 2

principle that the defines territory of a state over which it has exclusive and legitimate control is inviolable. this is enshrined in the Charter of UN and an important part of international law

Question 3

norms

Answer 3

moral principles, customs and ways of living that are universally accepted as standard behaviour

Question 4

intervention

Answer 4

actions of a state, group of states or international organisations in a foreign territory to end gross violations of human rights. this includes military force, economic sanctions and the assistance of NGOs

Question 5

Geopolitics

Answer 5

term used in the early 20th century in the heartland work of sir halford mackinder, referring to ways in which geographical factors were central in shaping international politics

Question 6

international community

Answer 6

all countries whose identity and sovereignty are recognised under the auspices of the UN, plus other international organisations that chose to participate in global discussions and decision making and which act collectively to resolve humanitarian issues

Question 7

global government

Answer 7

intervention by the global community, attempting to regulate issues such as human rights, sovereignty and territorial integrity

Question 8

separatism

Answer 8

claims for , or practices of, separation of a group of people from a larger state on the basis of their ethnicity or unified national culture, traditions, religion and language

Question 9

transnational corporation

Answer 9

very large company with factories and offices in more than one country which markets products and services worldwide

Question 10

corporate social responsibility

Answer 10

commitment and initiative of a corporation to assess and take responsibility for its social and environmental impact

Question 11

UN global compact

Answer 11

initiative that invites companies to align their strategies and operations according to universal principles on human rights, labour, environment and anti corruption and to take actions that advance societal goals

Question 12

treaty

Answer 12

formally concluded and ratified agreement between states

Question 13

international law

Answer 13

body of law that governs international relations between states or nations. this provides the framework for the obligations of states to be maintained

Question 14

global commons

Answer 14

earths shared natural resources eg the oceans and atmosphere

Question 15

independence

Answer 15

a situation in which the people of a country exercise self government and sovereignty over their state territory having gained political freedom from outside control

Question 16

secession

Answer 16

transfer of part of a states area and population to another state

Question 17

territory

Answer 17

extent of land under the jurisdiction of a sovereign state

Question 18

international border

Answer 18

geographical boundary of a sovereign state, defined and recognised by international law, and identified on the political map of the world

Question 19

sovereignty

Answer 19

the absolute authority that independent states exercise in the government of the land and peoples in their territory

Question 20

self determination

Answer 20

right of a group with a distinctive territorial identity to freely determine its political status and freely pursue its economic, social and cultural development

Question 21

state apparatus

Answer 21

set of state institutions and organisations through which state power is exercised; these include legal mechanisms, administrative organisations, police and armed forces, health, education and welfare services

Question 22

resilience

Answer 22

the degree to which and area can recover from the impacts of a hazard. the level of vulnerability affects a community’s resilience

Question 23

nation

Answer 23

large group of people with strong bonds of identity, united by shared descent, history, traditions, culture and language

Question 24

nation-state

Answer 24

a nation which has its own independent state; the boundaries of the state coincide with the area inhabited by the nation

Question 25

state

Answer 25

area of land of an independent country either well defined boundaries, within which there is a politically organised body of people under a single government