key terms Flashcards
Active audience approaches
Active audience approaches – theories that stress the effects of the media are limited because people are not easily influenced.
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Agenda setting
Agenda setting – Controlling which issues come to public attention
Synergy
Synergy – a mutually advantageous combination of distinct elements, as where two or more related businesses work together, e.g. to promote and sell a film, computer game and toys more effectively than they could individually.
Symbolic annihilation
Symbolic annihilation – the way in which women’s achievements are often not reported, or condemned or trivialised by the mass media.
Allocative roles
Allocative role – The power to set the goals of an organisation and make key financial decisions rather than day-today control.
Beaty ideal
Beauty ideal – the idea that women should strive for beauty.
Catharsis
Catharsis – the process of relieving tensions – for example, violence on screen providing a safe outlet for people’s violent tendencies.
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Churnalism
Churnalism’ – uncritical over-reliance by journalists on ‘facts’ produced by government spin doctors and public-relations experts.
Citizen journalists
Citizen journalists – members of the public who record news events, for example, using mobile-phone cameras.
Collector intelligence
Collective intelligence – the way in which users of new media combine skills, resources and knowledge.
Compression
Compression – the way which digital technologies can send many signals through the same cable.
Content analysis
Content analysis – a research method that analyses media content in both a quantitative and qualitative way.
Convergence
Convergence – the combination of different ways of presenting a variety of types of information (e.g. text, photographs, video, film, voices, music) into a single delivery system.
Copycat violence
‘Copycat’ violence – violence that occurs as a result of copying something that is seen in the media.
Correlation
Correlation – a relationship between two or more things, where one characteristic is directly affected by another.
Cross-media ownership
Cross-media ownership – Occurs where different types of media, e.g. Radio and TV stations are owned by the same company
Cult of femininity
Cult of femininity – the promotion of a traditional ideal where excellence is achieved through caring for others, the family, marriage and appearance.
Cultural effects model
Cultural effects model – the view that the media are powerful in so far as they link up with other agents of socialisation to encourage particular ways of making sense of the world.