Key Terms

Question 1

Aposteriori

Answer 1

Knowledge post experience

Question 2

Apriori

Answer 2

Knowledge prior to experience

Question 3

Reductio ad absurdum

Answer 3

When the logic of an argument are applied elsewhere, leading to a false conclusion

Question 4

Ockham’s Razor

Answer 4

The principle that states “do not multiply entities beyond necessity” A simpler explanation is a better explanation, as long as it’s just as successful

Question 5

Valid

Answer 5

An argument in which if the premises are true, then the conclusion must be true

Question 6

Invalid

Answer 6

If the premises are true while the conclusion is false

Question 7

Inductive

Answer 7

An argument whereby the conclusion is more likely based upon evidence

Question 8

Deduction

Answer 8

If the premises are true the conclusion must be true

Question 9

Necessary

Answer 9

A proposition that has to be true (is true in all possible worlds)

Question 10

Contingent

Answer 10

A proposition that could be either true or false a state of affairs that may or may not hold, depending on how the world actually is

Question 11

Synthetic (linked with analytic)

Answer 11

A proposition that is true or false depending on how the world is

Question 12

Analytic (linked with synthetic)

Answer 12

A proposition that is true (or false) in virtue of the meanings of the worlds