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Key Terms Flashcards

1
Q

migrate

A

to move from one place to another

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2
Q

culture

A

a way of life shared by people with similar arts, beliefs, and customs.

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3
Q

native americans

A

a member of the native peoples of North Central, and South America

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4
Q

Ghana

A

a west African empire in the 8th- 11th centuries A.D

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5
Q

Mali

A

a West African empire from the 13th-15th centuries that grew rich from trade

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6
Q

Songhai

A

a West African empire that succeeded Mali and controlled trade from the 1400’s to 1591

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7
Q

Middle Ages

A

the period of European history from the fall of the Roman Empire to the fall of Constantinople

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8
Q

Feudalism

A
  • a political system in which the king allows nobles the use of his land in exchange for their military service and their protection of people living on the land.
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9
Q

crusades

A

a series of wars to capture the Holy Land, launched in 1096 by European Christians

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10
Q

printing press

A

a machine invented in about 1455 by Johannes Gutenberg

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11
Q

Renaissance

A

a period of European history, that brought increased interest in art and learning

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12
Q

reformation

A

a 16th century religious movement to correct problems in the roman catholic church

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13
Q

Columbus

A

an Italian explorer who stumbled upon the Americas

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14
Q

spice

A

flavorings for food mainly made from vegetables

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15
Q

missionary

A

a person sent by the Church to preach, teach, and convert native peoples to Christianity

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16
Q

conquistador

A

a Spaniard who traveled to the Americas as an explorer and a conqueror in the 16th century

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17
Q

Cortez

A

a conquistador who explored the Americas and claimed their land for Spain

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18
Q

Cabot

A

one of the first explorers to chart a northern route across the Atlantic Ocean in search of Asia. He was Italian.

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19
Q

Cartier

A

explored the St. Lawrence River and the atlantic coast

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20
Q

Hudson

A

an explorer and navigator who set out to find either a northeast passage or a similar northwest passage.

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21
Q

Spanish Armada

A

a fleet of ships sent in 1588 by Philip the 2nd, the Spanish, to invade England and restore Roman Catholicism

22
Q

Columbian Exchange

A

the transfer of plants, animals, and diseases between the Western and the Eastern hemispheres

23
Q

Colony

A

A group of people who settle in a new place but are ruled by the government of their native land

24
Q

slavery

A

the practice of holding a person in bondage for labor

25
racism
the belief that some people are inferior because of their race
26
Jamestown
the first permanent English settlement in North America
27
charter
a written document issued by a government giving the holder the right to establish a colony
28
House of Burgesses
created in 1619, the first representative assembly in the American colonies
29
indentured servant
a person who sold his or her labor in exchange for passage to America
30
pilgrim
a member of the group that rejected the Church of England, sailed to America, and founded the Plymouth Colony in 1620
31
puritan
a member of a group from England that settled the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1630 and sought to reform the practices of the Church of England
32
Mayflower Compact
an agreement established by the men who sailed to America on the Mayflower, which called for laws for the good of the colony and set forth the idea of self-government
33
Quaker
a person who believed all people should live in peace and harmony; accepted different religions and ethnic groups
34
Backcountry
A colonial region that ran along the Appalachian Mountains through the far western part of the New Englnd, Middle, and Southern colonies
35
cash crop
A crop grown by a farmer to be sold for money rather than personal use
36
indigo
a plant grown in the Southern colonies that yields a deep blue dye
37
subsistence farming
Producing just enough food for a family or a village to survive.
38
overseer
A worker hired by a planter to watch over and direct the work of slaves
39
Appalachian Mountain
Mountain range running from Alabama into Canada
40
clan
A large group of families that claim a common ancestor
41
apprentice
a beginner who learns a trade or craft from a experienced master
42
Great Awakening
a reveal of religious feeling in the American colonies in the 1730s and 1740s
43
enlightenment
an 18th century movement that emphasized the use of reason and the scientific method to obtain knowledge
44
Benjamin Franklin
one of the founding fathers who signed all three all three documents that freed America from Britain.
45
Magna Carta
“Great Charter;” a document guaranteeing basic political rights in England, approved by King John in 1215
46
Parliament
England’s chief lawmaking body
47
English Bill of Rights
an agreement signed by William and Mary to respect the right of English citizens and of Parliament, including the right to free elections
48
John Peter Zenger
publisher of the New York weekly journal, who stood trial for printing criticism of the New York governor
49
French and Indian War
a conflict in North America from 1754 to 1763 that was part of a worldwide struggle between France and Britain; Britain defeated France and gained French Canada
50
Treaty of Paris
treaty that ended the French and Indian war; Britain gave up all of North America east of the Mississippi River.

social studies (3 decks)

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