Key terms

Question 1

What is there German concept of ‘Ordung’

Answer 1

Order

Question 2

What is Gomorra

Answer 2

Italian concept of appreciating quality and design

Question 3

What is Cordata

Answer 3

Italian concept of organisation structures

Question 4

What is Blat

Answer 4

Russian system of interpersonal relationships. Dates back to the imperial era and uses personal networks as a resource

Question 5

Pokazuja

Answer 5

‘fogging glasses’ sometimes used in Russian business negotiations

Question 6

What is Confucianism

Answer 6

Concept of social hierarchy

Question 7

What is “buy america’ policy

Answer 7

Cost of doing business in the US

Question 8

What are Maquiladoras

Answer 8

Mexican production plants on the US border. 78% exports to US

Question 9

What is ‘Ahorita’

Answer 9

Slow Mexican decision making

Question 10

What is Guanxi

Answer 10

Connections and relationships between individuals based on a system of reciprocal obligation and exchange of favours. deeply integrated in Chinese business culture

Question 11

Mianzi + what are the 3 dimensions

Answer 11

promotes trust and relationship. means ‘honour’. affirmative, normative & instrumental

Question 12

Kankei

Answer 12

Japanese version to Guanxi, based non trust and loyalty

Question 13

Tatemae

Answer 13

What you say or do in front of others because it is socially right

Question 14

Zaibatsu

Answer 14

huge conglomerates of Japanese companies, many in banking sector. e.g. Mitsubishi

Question 15

Keiretsu

Answer 15

Reconversions to Zaibatsu. Horizontal - headed by bank and trading company.
Vertical - link value added

Question 16

Kuudooka

Answer 16

Offshoring manufacturing to other countries

Question 17

MITI

Answer 17

Ministry of international trade - determines which industries need to be protected

Question 18

Sukko

Answer 18

Transferring personel between companies to avoid layoffs

Question 19

JIS

Answer 19

Japanese international standards. Act as non trade barriers

Question 20

Nemawashi

Answer 20

Informal consultations among company members to gauge opinion and consensus

Question 21

Ringi

Answer 21

Process where a person raises an initiative and presents it to a company for approval

Question 22

Chaebols

Answer 22

Large conglomerate groups controlled by a small number of share holders
- more diversified than Keiretsu

Question 23

Hedonism

Answer 23

Pursuit of pleasure and self indulgence

Question 24

Dharma

Answer 24

Individuals are at the centre of the universe and responsible for their actions

Question 25

Sangraha Loka

Answer 25

Public good

Question 26

Kausalam

Answer 26

Effectiveness

Question 27

Vividhta

Answer 27

Innovation

Question 28

Jigyasa

Answer 28

Learning

Question 29

Class system

Answer 29

Varna - very hierarchical

Question 30

Clanism

Answer 30

Informal social network. promotes particularistic society

Question 31

Honne

Answer 31

Persons true feelings (Japan)

Question 32

Maghreb

Answer 32

Highlights honour, dignity and reputation

Question 33

Shaira

Answer 33

Islamic concept surrounding finance

Question 34

Ubuntu philosophy

Answer 34

• Based on viewing company as collective and not individual
• Role of company is to reward community and not individual
• values - Respect, humanity & care of others