Key Terms Flashcards
What is capacity
Capacity is how much information can be stored. It’s represented in terms of ‘bits of information’
What is coding
Coding is the way information is changed so it can be stored. Information enters the brain via the senses then is stored in various ways such as visual, acoustic, and semantics
What is long term memory
Long term memory is the past events. Lasts 2 mins - 100 years. Potentially unlimited duration and capacity. Typically coded semantically
What is short term memory
Memory for immediate events. Last seconds or mins if not rehearsed. Limited to 4 chunks/items. Typically coded acoustically. And is AKA ‘working memory’
What is duration
A measurement of how long a memory last before it is no longer available
What is the multi-store model
An explanation of memory based off 3 separate memory stores and how information is transferred between these stores.
What is the sensory register
The information at the senses. Information collected by the nose ears mouth etc. the information is retained for a very brief amount of time - less than half a second. The capacity of sensory memory is very large. Coding method depends on sense used to collect information.
What is the central executive
The central executive monitors and coordinates all other mental functions in the working memory
What is the episodic buffer
The episodic buffer receives input from many sources, temporarily stores the information, then integrates it in order to construct a mental episode.
What is the phonological loop
The loop codes speech in the working memory, typically involving maintenance rehearsals - hence the loop
What is the Visio-spatial sketch pad
Codes visual information in terms of separate objects aswell as the arrangement of these objects
What is the working memory model
An explaination of the memory used when working on a task
What is episodic memory
The memory of events and person memories- includes emotional tones
What is procedural memory
The memory for how actions are done - these memories are automatic
What are semantic memories
Memories of facts and knowledge - can be abstract or concrete concepts
Define interference
An explanation for forgetting when one memory disrupts the ability to recall neither
Define proactive interference
Past learning interfering with current learning
Define retroactive interference
Current learning distrusting past learning
Define cute
Things that serve as a reminder. May meaningfully link to the material and may not be
Define retrieval failure
Retrieval failure is the inability to recall a memory due to the lack of cues
Define eye witness testimony
The evidence provided in court by a person who witnessed the crime with the purpose to identify the perpetrators
Define leading questions
A question that leads to a Desired answer
Define misleading information
Supplying information that may lead a witness’ memory of a crime being altered
Define post event discussion
A conversion between co-witnesses or an interviewer and an eyewitness after a crime has taken place - may contaminate a witness’ memory
Define anxiety
An unpleasant emotional state that is often accompanied by increased heart rate and rapid breathing
Define the cognitive interview
A police interview technique encouraging the witness to recreate the events in order, change order, reinstate their mental state, report everything, or change perspective
