Key Terms Flashcards
Define attachment
An emotional bond between two people. a two at process that endures over time. Leads to certain behaviours such as clinging and proximity seeking. Protects the infant
Define caregiver
Any person providing for the child
Define interactional synchrony
When the two people interact they mirror what the other is doing in terms of behaviour and body language - can also be with emotions
Define reciprocity
The responding to the action of another with a similar action. One action elicits a response from the other. Conversation like
Define primary attachment figure
The person who has formed the closest bond with the child.
Define separation anxiety
Distress shown by a child when separated from their caregiver
Define stranger anxiety
Distress shown when by an infant when approached or picked up by someone unfamiliar
Define imprinting
An innate readiness to develop a strong bond with the months which takes place during then critical period of development
Define the continuity hypothesis
The idea that emotionally secure infants go on to be emotionally secure, trusting, and socially confident adults
Define critical period
A biologically determined period of time, during which certain characteristics can develop.
Define internal working model
The idea that the relationship with the primary care provider acts as a blue print for future relationships
Define monotropy
The idea that the relationship with the PCG has more significance than other relationships in emotional development
Define social releaser
Social behaviours that elicits caregiving from the parents and leads to emotional attachment
define insecure-avoidant
a type of attachment which describes those children who tend to avoid social interaction and intimacy with others
define insecure-resistant
A type of attachment which describes those infants who both seek and resist intimacy and social interaction
define secure attachment
this is a strong and contented attachment to an infant to his or her caregiver, which develops as a result of sensitive responses by the caregiver to the infant’s needs. securely attached infants are comfortable with social interaction and intimacy. secure attachment is related to healthy subsequent cognitive and emotional development
define cultural variations in terms of attachment
the ways that different groups of people vary in terms of their social practices, and the effects these practices have in development and behavior
define deprivation in terms of attachment
to be deprived is to lose something - in the context of child development, deprivation refers to the loss of emotional care that is normally provided by a primary caregiver
define institutionalization in terms of attachment
the effects of institutional care. The term can be applied widely to the effect of an institution but the concern focuses specifically on how time spent in an institution such as an orphanage can affect the development of children. The possible effects include social, mental, and physical underdevelopment some of which are irreversible
define the internal working model
a mental model of the world that enables individuals to predict and control their environment. In the case of attachment, the model relates to a persons expectations of relationships
