Key terms

Question 1

Lexicon

Answer 1

vocab of lang/dialect

Question 2

Dialect

Answer 2

lang/dialect specific to particular region/group

Question 3

Vernacular

Answer 3

lang/dialect used in most informal/intimate settings naturally acquired in home community

Question 4

Norms

Answer 4

patterns of ling behavior shared/expected by a particular variety of speakers

Question 5

Bilingualism/Bidialectalism

Answer 5

ability to use multiple lang/dialects depending on the speech event/interlocutor

Question 6

Code-Switching

Answer 6

alternate use of >=2 lang/dialects in a single speech event

Question 7

Sociolinguistics

Answer 7

academic discipline concerned w speakers systematic use of lang to construct, communicate, and interpret various social ids

Question 8

Language Ideology

Answer 8

Ingrained, unquestioned beliefs about the way the world is and should be w respect to lang

Question 9

Prescriptivism

Answer 9

an ideological position that emphasizes the ways lang should be used instead of how its actually used by speakers

Question 10

Descriptivism

Answer 10

practice of documenting the patterns and structures of various langs as used by speakers regardless of prescriptivism

Question 11

Standard Lang

Answer 11

lang variety associated w socially favored, considered acceptable for institutional purposes

Question 12

Overt Prestige

Answer 12

+ value associated w lang forms based on their value in dominant ideology of mainstream society

Question 13

Covert Prestige

Answer 13

+ value associated w non-standard lang forms based on value in respective speech communities

Question 14

Lang Subordination

Answer 14

process where 1 variety/lang gains hegemonic (absolute) power over another

Question 15

Ethnic Group

Answer 15

group w members perceived to share unique cultural/historical commonalities

Question 16

Ling Profile

Answer 16

analysis of speech to characterize the individ as belonging to a particular group

Question 17

Lang Shift

Answer 17

process where speakers begin to abandon one lang for another

Question 18

Open Network

Answer 18

settings where members tend to not know each other

Question 19

Closed Network

Answer 19

settings where members are closely tied to another