Key Terms Flashcards
Internationalism
A policy of cooperation among nations
Liberal Internationalism
This is the belief that through greater interaction cooperation, nations and nation-states can achieve common goals, especially peace and prosperity
Politically this is expressed through the creation of organization such as the League Of Nations in the United Nations
Hegemonic Internationalism
This is the belief that the world is being integrated based on unequal terms with the dominance of one nation or a nation-state over others
Colonialism and Imperialism are examples of this type of Internationalism
For example, for more than 200 years Britain ruled over 70% of what are today’s nation states
Revolutionary Internationalism
This is the belief that conflicts with societies are determined by international factors and the alliances
Supranationalism
Transcending national boundaries, authority, or interests
Extreme internationalism
Unilateralism
The process of acting, reaching a decision, or espousing a principle unilaterally. When a country makes decisions solely on its own
Bilateralism
Bilateralism is the conduct of political, economic, or cultural relations between two sovereign states
United Nations
The United Nations (1945) it started with representatives from 50 countries in San Francisco - it is an intergovernmental organization whose purpose is to maintain international peace and security, develop friendly relations among nations, achieve international cooperation, and be a centre for harmonizing the actions of nations
Peacekeeping
Peacekeepers are brought in to keep combatants (enemies) away from each other long enough for peaceful negotiations and diplomacy to work to resolve the conflict, they aren’t allowed to use force to maintain the peace
Peacemaking
Peacemakers are brought in to keep combatants (enemies) away from each other long enough for peaceful negotiations and diplomacy to war to resolve the conflict, they are allowed to use force to maintain the peace
Peacebuilding
Peace building involves a range of measures targeted to reduce the risk of lapsing or relapsing into conflict by strengthening national capacities at all levels for conflict management and to lay the foundations for sustainable peace and development
IGO
International Government Organization
INGO
International Non-Government Organization
World Trade Organization
Established January 1st 1995. It replaced the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT).
It’s purpose is to
Regulate international trade
Solve international trade issues and disputes
Lowers trade barriers
Restricts imports on health, safety and environment grounds that are rational and justifiable
Regulate trade for the common good and the good of the environment
World Bank (WB)
The World Bank is an international organization dedicated to providing financing, advice, and research to developing nations to aid their economic advancement
International Monetary Fun (IMF)
The International Monetary Fund (IMF) works to achieve sustainable growth and prosperity for all of its 190 member countries. It does so by supporting economic policies that promote financial stability and monetary cooperation, which are essential to increase productivity, job creation, and economic well-being. The IMF is governed by and accountable to its member countries.
The European Union 🇪🇺 (EU)
The European Union is a political and economic union of 27 member states that are located primarily in Europe
The aims of the European Union within its borders are: promote peace, its values and the well-being of its citizens. offer freedom, security and justice without internal borders, while also taking appropriate measures at its external borders to regulate asylum and immigration and prevent and combat crime.
The African Union (AU)
Established May 26th 2001
Purpose is to:
Promote unity and solidarity of African states
Coordinate and intensify their cooperation efforts to achieve a better life for the peoples of Africa
Safeguard Member states’ sovereignty and territorial integrity
Rid the continent of colonization and apartheid
Harmonize member polices around:
Politics, diplomacy, economy, education, culture, health, welfare, science, technology
G8/G20
The G8 members consist of industrialized developed nations. The G20 is an informal group consisting of the G8 members and the other 12 countries. The G8 group consists of finance ministers and bank governors. The G20 group consists of high-rank ministers, foreign ministers, and leaders of government.
Commonwealth of Nations
A voluntary association of 53 independent, sovereign states
Membership requirements
All members (except Mozambique and Rwanda) have experienced direct or indirect British rule or have been
administratively linked to a commonwealth country
Applicant countries should have a constitutional association with an existing commonwealth member state
It’s more of an International Organization than a Hegemonic Relationship
La Francophonie
Purpose: To promote the French language and cultural and linguistic diversity
The World Council of Indigenous Peoples (WCIP)
The WCIP was the first global effort established by indigenous peoples to preserve and protect the group integrity of aboriginal and indigenous peoples worldwide. They regard the “preservation and protection of Indigenous interests essential to the preservation of world peace and world development.”
Climate Change
A change in global or regional climate patterns
Isolationism
A policy of remaining apart from the affairs or interests of other groups, especially the political affairs of other countries.
The Kyoto Protocol
An international treaty among industrialized nations that sets mandatory limits on greenhouse gas emissions. The greenhouse effect is the warming effect of the sun on greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide, that act to trap this heat in our atmosphere.
