KEY TERMS Flashcards
ATP
adenosine triphosphate - a nucleotide derivative formed from ribose, adenine and 3 phosphate groups
recall the role of ATP
- it is a molecule used to supply energy for biological processes to occur
- releases small amounts of energy when broken down in a reaction so energy is supplied quickly
- it is easily resynthesised
ADP
adenosine diphosphate
Pi
- inorganic phosphate
- released during ATP hyrdolysis
- can be used to phosphorylate other compunds to make them more reactive
hydrolysis of ATP –>
ADP + Pi
ATP Hydrolase
enzyme which catalyses the hydrolysis of ATP –> ADP + Pi
ATP Synthase
- enzyme which catalyses the condensation reaction of ADP + Pi –> ATP during photo or resp
water has a high heat capacity - what does this mean?
- lots of energy is needed to break hydrogen bonds between molecules during heating or cooling
- acts as a buffer against temp changes in aquatic environments and the body
water has a high latent heat of vapourisation - what does this mean?
sweat?
- lots of energy needed to break H-bonds between molecules to evaporate
- this means sweat is an effective cooling system because body heat can be used to evaporate water
specific heat capacity
energy needed to heat a given mass
latent heat of vapourisation
energy required to evaporate 1g of water
water is a solvent - whats a solvent?
a substance which readily dissolves other substances to form a solution
water is a metabolite - what is this?
a substance formed or needed for chemical reactions in cells
water - key points (4)
- polar molecule
- forms hydrogen bonds between molecules
- important in metabolic reactions
- used to transport substances around organisms
cohesion of water
molecules stick together due to hydrogen bonds being polar
